Genetic Study Of Agronomic And Quality Characters Of Popcorn

A total of twelve varieties and lines of popcorn with great diversity was used selectively as parents to make augmented NCⅡdesign in order to made 32 combinations. all of Fls crosses, some of F2s crosses, back-crossing generation and parents were used to make detailed investigations and get the results. Using the results analysed genetic parameters of 13 characters,such as heterosis analysis, analysis of the general combining ability and the specific combining ability, broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability; analysis of correlation and path between grain yield and other main quantitative traits.This study according to the result on material's combining ability and its heterosis analysis, in order to selectively parent, the inherence of yield, hight agronomy and quality characters.A total of 12 parents make incomplete diallel in accordance with the NCⅡin order to made 42 combinations in 2009.The 12 varieties and 32 combinations were planted at experimental plot of Jilin agricultural university scince 2008. The field test uses the incomplete diall method is to reduce the environmental, enhance the experimental sensitivity.Quantitative analysis of 13 main trait of popcorn was studied as follows:heterosis analysis, analysis of the general combining ability and the specific combining ability, between different type of combining ability and expression of F1 hybrid, heritability analysis of yield and main characters. According to above analysis parents and societies were evaluated as follow:(1) The analysis in 32 hybridized combination the trend of heterosis indicates.There are higher positive heterosis then negativeheterosis, so it shows that among these 32 combinations it exists some superior combinations. According to popping rate and expansion volume, JB142×JB172,JB107×JB172,JB140×JB168,JB152×JB166 have higher heterosis. According to Grain yield and so on,JB142xJB177,JB142×JB166,JB152×JB177,JB151×JB177have higher heterosis in the 13 main characters than the other combinations.(2) The order of average value of heterosis index is:Grain yield (156.45)>Grain number per Row (125.50)>Plant height(111.51)>Ear leghth(109.65)>100-grain weight(109.51)>stem diameterC 109.10)> Ear width (107.79)> Ear height (107.42)> Ear diameter (107.32)> Row per ear (103.24)>Popping rate (99.29)>Expansion volume (93.15)> Bald length (89.56). The order of variation index of heterosis index from strong to weak is:Bald length,100-grain weight,Expansion volume,Grain yield,Row per ear. Ear diameter,Earleghth,Ear height,Stem diameter,Grain number per Row,Plant height,Popping rate,Ear width. So in these 15 traits, Expansion volume,100-grain weight,Grain yeild,Grain number per row,Ear diameter,Ear lengthhave more wild margin to choose.(3) The superior to other varieties General combing ability above:JB177,JB142,JB107 and JB152. These four varieties not only own posive General combing ability, but aso have higher yield GCA. The parent JB107 (Plant height and Stem diameter have negative GCA) the parent JB152 (Plant height and Ear height has negative GCA) the parent JB177 (Expansion volume and popcorn rate have negative GCA) of the differential value is not big.So these five varieties can be used as good parent for cross breeding of Popcorn.(4) Specific combining ability:The nice societies wereJB107xJB172, JB129xJB177,JB122xJB166> JB152xJB172, JB129xJB172, JB152xJB166, JB107xJB177, JB142xJB172, JB112xJB177with higher and positive specific combining ability.These combinations not have yield SCA but all the other trait were comparative positive.These combinations made from parent JB 177,JB142,JB107, JB152 which with hight GCA.(5) The broad heritability from strong to weak is:Plant height. Ear height Stem diameter. Ear width. Ear diameter,100-grain weight, Expansion volume, Ear length, Ear row number. Grain yield, Grain number per row. Popping rate, Bald length. The narrow heritability from strong to weak is:Plant height, Ear width, Ear height, Ear diameter,100-grain weight, Expansion volume, Ear row number, Ear length, Grain number per row, Grain yield, Popping rate, Bald length, Stem diameter. There are have great selectively in these 15 traits, so we could weigh difference, select a more suitable parents.(6)Analysis of correlation of yield and the main agronomy character show as follow. The correlation from strong to weak is:Grain number per row. Stem diameter, Ear row number, Ear height, Ear length, Bald length, Plant height, Ear width, Ear diameter,100-grain weight. The direct path correlation from strong to weak is:Ear diameter,100-grain weight, Grain number per row, Plant height, Ear length, Ear row number, Bald length. Ear width, Stem diameter. Ear height.Analysis of correlation of expansion volume and the main agronomy character show as follow.The correlation from strong to weak is:Ear length, Grain number per row, Ear row number, Ear width, Ear height, Stem diameter, Bald length, Plant height, Poping rate, Ear diameter, Grain yield,100-grain weight. The direct path correlation from strong to weak is:Ear width, Plant height, Bald length, Stem diameter. Grain yield, Ear height, Ear row number, Poping rate, Ear length, Grain number per row,100-grain weight, Ear diameter.