| Berberis heteropoda Schrenk, a type of Berberidaceae deciduous shrub that is native to the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, is used in both medicine and food. B. heteropoda Schrenk, abundant resource, had been used for treatment of dysentery, enteritis, pharyngitis, stomatitis, eczema, hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the xinjiang ethnic medicine. And it can also be made into jams and used in food. It was reported that B. heteropoda Schrenk is a rich source of anthocyanin compounds.In recent years, many scholars at home and abroad had studied different parts (root, branch or fruit) of the B. heteropoda Schrenk with different types of chemical composition, such as berberine, total flavonoinds, anthocyanins and etc. Most of the research was focused on extraction methods, optimization of technical conditions, determination of the total flavonoid/berberine content, stability analyses or antitumor effects. However, the major anthocyanin constituents and the antioxidant activity of the fruit of B. heteropoda Schrenk have not yet been deep systematically studied.The objective of this research was to systematically study the composition and antioxidant activity of anthocyanins of the fresh fruit of B. heteropoda Schrenk. The five major anthocyanins were confirmed to be delphinidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (30.3%), cyanidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (33.5%), petunidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (10.5%), peonidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (8.5%) and malvidin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (13.8%) using HPLC-HR-ESI-MS,1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The total anthocyanin content was 2036.6 ± 2.2 mg/100 g of the fresh weight of B. heteropoda Schrenk fruit. In terms of its total reducing capacity assay, DPPH radical-scavenging activity assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and ABTS+ radical cation-scavenging activity assay, the purified anthocyanin extract of B. heteropoda Schrenk showed potent antioxidant activity. The results mentioned above has clarified the material foundation of B. heteropoda Schrenk fruit in national medicine and further provided an important basis for further research and developmentLycium ruthenicum Murr., which belongs to the family of Solanaceae, is a kind of wild shrub that is widely distributed in the salinized desert in the northwest of China. It possesses significant value in ecological protection. And its ripe fruit contains abundant Murr. anthocyanins. Previous report indicated that Lycium ruthenicumhave a series of biological effects, such as anti-oxidation, anti-atherosclerosis, improving cardiovascular function and so on. We had made a systematic research on the chemical composition of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. and isolated a major anthocyanin named petunidin-3-O-[6-O-(4-O-E-p-coumaroyl-O-a-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside]-5-O-β-glucopyranoside. The poor stability of anthocyanin and the commercial unavailable for anthocyanin standard have largely restricted evaluation of quality and judgment of authenticity of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. In this study,124mg anthocyanin standard from the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. was isolated and purified, and the purity is more than 98%. Multiple antioxidant assays were investigated to systematically evaluate the antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin standard. The results demonstrated that the anthocyanin standard of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. possess potent antioxidant activity.
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