Study On Health Management Status And Supervision Countermeasures Of Central Air Conditioning In Public Buildings In Xuhui District

[Objective]This study is to know the current situation of management status,learn cognitive level of managers analyze the factors affecting the air hygiene, study the health promotion intervention effect, explore health management mode, and establish health supervision and management regulations on the central air conditionings in some public buildings in Xuhui District, Shanghai.[Methods]This study adopted the literature searching, policy consulting, field investigating, interviewing with the insiders, and stratified random sampling to select18public buildings (public places, offices, hospitals) with72sets of central air conditionings. In each public building,5staffs engaged in part-time air-conditioned health management with total90were recruited. The management of sanitation of central air conditioning was learned by the questionnaire; detection of central air conditioning duct surface dust, the wind pipe surface microorganisms (the total number of bacteria, fungi), and air district indoor carbon dioxide concentrations were learned by the air health inspection. After the interventions, investigation of health management behavior and cognition, attitude and confidence to the regulations of were conducted. Results were judged according to the "Shanghai management regulations on the central air conditioning" and "Shanghai management norms on the central air conditioning" with DB31/405-2012. Before the survey all investigators have been trained, and the quality control team inspect the investigate process. The data was input using Epidata software and was analyzed by SPSS11.0. The questionnaire showed that informed consent, and promised confidentiality agreement to participants.[Results]1.The basic information of central air conditioning in public buildings.Central air conditioning design specification holds was33.33%,completion and acceptance of air conditioning drawing holds was11.11%, employees regular training was22.22%, the regular air condition in hygiene test pass rate was38.89%, air-conditioned hygiene rating passing rate of was5.55%, regular basis air-conditioning vent filter cleaning or replacement pass rate was11.11%, regular air conditioning filter cleaning or replacement pass rate was27.78%, regular air conditioning cooling(heating) coil cleaning a pass rate of38.89%, the regular air conditioning condensate water tray cleaning pass rate was50.00%, the main air duct cleaning pass rate was44.44%. The reasons may include manager’s negligence, lack of timely evaluation of detection mechanism, insufficient of health management ability, etc.2. Central air conditioning manager’s awareness of the regulation is not high, their willing to participating the training is not strong, and the approach of informing is simple.The awareness rate of the implementation date was70.5%,theawareness rate of the statutory regulatory sites was21.6%, the awareness rate of the statutory regulatory sites was58.0%,theawareness rate of the statutory registration date was50.0%, the awareness rate of health monitoring frequency was87.5%, the awareness rate of air-conditioned hygiene indicators should be detected was44.3%, the awareness rate of cleaning period of the inner surface of duct was47.7%, the awareness rate of cleaning period of the pathogenic microorganisms was53.4%, the awareness rate of the fines of not cleaning was22.7%. Newspapers are main informed channels.Newspapers and networks are the desired channel informed.The public space managers have the highest willingness to participate in the health law or standard training.3. There are varying degrees of health risks of central air conditioning of the public buildings.The amount of surface dust in the wind pipe, duct surface of the total number of bacteria, fungi and total number of tests were qualified. There were significant differences of the amount of dust test results and medical institutions duct pollution problems among the different places.The reaching the standard rate of carbon dioxide concentration monitoring was93.1%, and there was no significant difference between the different spaces.4. Multiple factors influencing the health status of central air conditioning.Air-conditioning management behavior may be influenced by the individual awareness. The main air duct cleaning, filter cleaning, cooling(heating)connected to the coil and condensate rain panned air may be the main factors influenced by central air conditioning management behavior.The season may also have some impact on detection indicators. The air-conditioned indoor fresh air may be affected by central air conditioning structure. 5. Publicizing the regulations of central air conditioning has significant effect.After the interventions, the indicators are improved except the inspector frequency.The proportion of people willing to participate in health training has improved significantly. In addition to the significant changes in the degree of recognition" that the implementation of measures to prevent air transmitted diseases is important", the rest has no significant difference.Most of the health management indicators have significant difference after the interventions; however, there was no significant difference in the main air duct cleaning behavior that means health publicizing intervention on central air conditioning has short-term health management effective but and still need to improve training methods and content.[Conclusion]The central air conditionings of public buildings need standardization management.The manager’s cognitive levels on the regulations need to be improved. There is a big health risk of central air conditioning of office buildings and medical facilities. The central air conditioning cleaning management and season may be the main factors that affect the air-conditioned health indicators. The regulations publicizing approach of public buildings centralized air conditioning need to be improved. The execution of regulations of central air conditioning need to be enforced, and health standards need to be improved.[Suggestion]1. Central air conditioning health management must be comprehensive improved.2. Health supervision departments should strengthen individual training; improve the detection technology to enhance the inspecting capacity of central air conditioning.3. The supervision should be strengthening by increasing administrative penalties, improving the information dissemination channels, encouraging the participation in health management.4. It is also necessary to revise the relevant regulations standards.