Seed Extension And Germplasm Improvement On Maize In Mountainous Area

This paper analyzes the germplasm base and heterotic patterns of maize in the mountainous areas in the southwest China, such as Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. The maize germplasm in these mountainous areas falls into six heterotic groups : Lancaster, Tuxpeno, Reid ,Mo yellow 9, Suwan and local maize. This study also shows the main heterotic patterns in the southwest mountainous areas include: local corn group×Suwan group, local corn group×Tuxpeno group, Lancaster group×Mo yellow 9 group, Reid group×Mo yellow 9 group, Lancaster group×Tuxpeno group, Reid group× Suwan group. All these facts determine that the maize germplasm base and heterotic patterns in a mountainous area are rather narrow, blemish and with likely genetic vulnerability. Consequently, it is very necessary that the maize germplasm in the mountainous areas be broadened, improved. The maize germplasm in these mountain areas is improved to mainly through population improvement and crossing with each other in germplasm. According to the actuality of the mountain area, the characteristics of different ecosystem area, and considering the main request to maize, the character of hybrid maize can be improve, which includes the improvement of the yield, the improvement of the quality and the improvement of the adaptability. Based on analyzing and comparing the difference in the function of increasing production of maize variety in southern mountainous area and north in China, this paper shows that the level of maize breeding should be raised in the southern mountainous area by promoting the function of the corn heredity improvement. In addition, the level of the cultivation and the management need to be further exalted.In the mountainous area, expanding the hybrid maize should be carried...