Study On Inheritance Of Aroma And Breeding Utilization In Oryza Sativa L.

In this paper, 397 aromatic rice varieties grew in different regions in China were collected and compared with three world famous aromatic rice — Basmati 370, KDML 105 and Delia to exploit new material(s) with different heredity of aromatic characteristic. Two new germplasm have been identified in two local rice varieties in this study, the aromatic genes were non-allelic with the gene fgr1, a recessive gene, on the chromosome 8 of Basmati370 and KDML 105, largely controlling the level of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. The two germplasm were further studied with mathematics, chemistry and genetics methods, the main results were showed as follows:1. Made crosses among IR5805A and 397 aromatic rice materials and half-diallel crosses with 26 aromatic varieties include 3 world famous aromatic rice and 23 local aromatic rice. MBXN and MSX were screened with the different aroma resource to KDML 105, Jasmine85, and Delia by checking the aroma in the leaves of F₁ generations and with the reference to reported studies.2. Crossed MBXN with Huangkexiangzhan, and checked leave aroma of F₂ generation by KOH methods. The segregation ratio was 9:6:1. Based on the result of this study and reported studies, it suggested that aroma of MBXN was controlled by a single recessive gene and was non-allelic with the gene of Huangkexiangzhan. It was confirmed by using special Marker RM515 of gene fgrl.3. Crossed local aromatic rice variety MSX with non-aromatic rice varieties Zhen 084 and KDML 105 respectively, in the F₂ generations of MSX×Zhen084, the segregation ratio of aromatic and non-aromatic individuals was 1:3, it suggested that aroma of MSX was controlled by a recessive gene too. In F₂ generations of MSX×KDML105, the segregation ratio of aromatic and non-aromatic individuals followed 7:9, so we could conclude that the aromatic gene of MSX was non-allelic wlth fgr1 For confirming this result, a special marker FGR was designed on the basis of differentiation between sequence of fgr1. and its wild type, and the conclusion has been confirmed.4. Based on the biological characteristics of MSX and Huangkexian, recombinant inbred lines (RIL) were constructed for further study on the two aromatic rice varieties.