The Study On The Control Of Underground Insect Pests In Sand Grapery

It has become a vitally important task for agricultural scientists to study the life regularity of underground insect pests in order to control them effectively because they do damage to the grapes' underground part and the part between root and stem near the earth's surface.From April, 2002 to October, 2004. The research had been carried out on the underground insect pests in area 5, Yuquanying, Ningxia. On the base of the investigation, an elementary approach was done about the life history and vertical distribution of their dominant species. The research results are as follows.1. In area 5 Yuquanying, Ningxia there are mainly three orods, seven families and thirteen species of underground insect pests. They are Potosia (Liocola) brevitarsis (Lewis), Anomata exoleta Faldermann, Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire), Pentodoa patruelis Frivaldszky, Maladera orientalis Motschulsky, Popillia quadriguttata (Fabricius), Holotrichia oblila Faldermann, Polyphyllao alba Pallas, Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa, Agrotis ypsilon (Rott.), Agrotis segetum Schiff, Gryllotalap africana Palisot de Beauvois, Gryllotalap unispina Saussure.The most mere chafer, rootworm and mole cricket. The dominant species mere Potosia (Liocola) brevitarsis (lewis), Anomala exoleta Faldermann and Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire). Potosia (Liocola) brevitarsis (Lewis) damage mature fruit mainly in the form of adult. Anomala exoleta Faldermann and Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire) mainly damage seedling in the form of larve. They are all one generation in a year.2 . Chafer almost inhabits the underground deep in 20cm to 30cm from November-December to January-February of the following year. In January, the larve's total rises to the highest, up to 99.8% in 20cm to 30cm underground. After march, due to the temperature increases gradually, it moved up toward 0cm-10cm, underground. By June the larve's total undeground was up to 58.2%.3. The best controlling method to larve damaging stage is the furrow application of 3%Furadan 45kg/ha. The followings are 3% Furadan 30kg/ha, 48% Lorben EC 1000 fold liquid and 450kg/ha phoxim. The worse effect of control is to apply 48% Lorben EC 2000 fold liquid to irrigate the root of grape seedlings.4. In the rearch of controlling the adutts of Potosia (Liocola) brevitarsis, it turned out that among the four insecticides with twelve different densities such as Sprtant, kungfu EC, Gaoxiao-lvqingjuzhi EC and Decise EC, 10% Sprtant 10000 fold liquid has the best effect of control, 10% Sprtant 16000 fold liquid is worse. Moreover, the better contorting effects for 24 hours after applying pestcides are 10% Sprtant 10000 fold liquid, 2.5% Decise EC 800 fold liquid; and for 48 hours after applying pesticides, are 4.5% Gaoxiao lvqingjuzhi EC 800 fold liquid, 10% Sprtant 10000 fold liquid; for 72 hours are 10% sprtant 10000 fold liquid, 4.5% Gaoxiao lvqingjuzhi 800 fold liquid. In addition, 2.5% kungfu 800 fold liquid, 2.5% kungfu 1200 fold liquid, 10% sprtant 12000 fold liquid, 2.5% Decise 800 fold liquid all have considerable effects.5. It has significant result to induce and capture the adults of underground inseet pests with blacklight lure. From May to October, 2003, 9714 adults were captured with blacklight lure, Of 9714 adults, 3857 were Anomala exoleta Faldermann and 3656 were Maladera verticalis Fairmaire. A wording to the pasts number captured in different months, it can be known that June and July are good months to induce and capture Anomala exoleta. Faldemann, Maladera verticalis Fairmaire, and Holotrichia oblita Faldermann.