Studies On Introduction, Culture And Landscape Designing Of Heliconia L.

Heliconia L., with its green leaves and colorful inflorescence, which is the representative plants of tropical zone. 24 species and cultivars of Heliconia were introduced to Shenzhen City, then cultivar classification was studied as well as the features and habitats are presented. The medical cultivated trial of 'Golden Torch'was studied, 5 mediums as follows: sand: turves=1:1, mud: turves=1:1,turves, mud and mud:sand=1:1.Results of the growth, germination, flowering time and inflorescence amount are indicated as follows: fine drainage and loosen medium were needed for heliconias, such as Medium ?,? ,? , especially Medium? , and cultivated with Medium ?V alone was made against with the germination and growth of Heliconias. The flowering time would moved up in ventilate medium, and the amount of the inflorescence would increased in the same circumstance. In addition, the flowering time would bring forward by the disease, however, the abloom time is short. Considering the cost, the perfect medium to cultivate heliconias was input some sand or turves in the medium. Several heliconia cultivars were planted in the greenbelt, on the top of the building along with the garden as landscape plants in Shenzhen City, and the expected effect we want was gained. Cultivars were adapted to ornamental design such as 'Sassy', 'Kenea Red', 'Golden Torch', 'Golden Torch Adrian', 'Fire Flash', 'Oliveira's Sharonii', H. rostrata , H. librata , H. bihai et., and more trials should be done for other ones. Cultivars as follows were suited for pot culture: 'Dwarf Jamaican', 'Oliveira's Sharonii', 'Fire Flash', Heliconia acuminata'Ruby', Heliconia angusta, 'Sassy', 'Lady Di', 'Andromeda', 'St.Vincent Red', 'Golden Torch'. Cultivars as cut flowers were'Sassy', 'Las Cruse', 'Golden Torch', 'Oliveira's Sharonii', H. rostrata ,and so on. Measures for heliconia culture were loosen medium, drainage well, tiny acid soil, full or half light, 21～35℃as the most suitable temperature for growth, be kept from chilling and wind, plenteous of water and nutrients, well groomed, prevention and cure pests and diseases. Five cultivars ('St.Vincent Red', 'Golden Torch', 'Red Yellow Gyro', 'Orange Gyro'and 'Richmond Red') with different chilling tolerance were studied for their physiological characteristics and hardness determination during the winter. Seven guidelines were used in this study, such as Cell Tissue Structure, Electrolyte Leakage Ratio, The Soluble Protein Content, The Free Proline Content, The Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content, The Peroxidase (POD) Activity as well as The Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity .The results were: The arrangement of the five cultivars 'Richmond Red''Orange Gyro''Red Yellow Gyro''Golden Torch''St.Vincent Red'was the hardness in turn. The means as Cell Tissue Structure, Electrolyte Leakage Ratio together with The SOD Activity could reflect the hardness difference of the five cultivars well, so they were looked as the credible ways to judge different cultivars'hardness, and the means remained were the consulted index for hardness estimation. Steps to enhance the tolarence of the heliconia cultivars were the stems of the heliconias been cutting before winter's coming, planting the cultivars in the place leeward and could exposure to the sun, strengthening the management of water & fertilizers at the end of the autumn and application with PP333 and other safeguards.