| Weaning is the most severe stress after the piglets are born. Piglets don't get nutrition from milk again during the period, resulting in gastrointestinal dysfunction easily due to sudden changes of physiology and environment state, showing that villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, enzyme activity of digestive tract and immunological function decline, and will induce syndrome associated with early weaning: appetite decline, growth retardation and diarrhea. According to the characteristic of piglets' growth and development, the stress can be delayed partly by adopting mucosal nutritional adjustment measure.Healthy "Landrace x Yorkshire" piglets, which were close to each other in confinement and body weight, were choosed to undertake a experiment, and weaned in 21+1d. The experimental diet with glutamine (10 g/kg), or with lactitol (3 g/kg), or with tributyrin (5 g/kg), or with lactitol (3 g/kg) plus tributyrin (5 g/kg) (compound), the aim is to determined effects of several several substances and compound on early weaned piglets. The experiment consisted of 4 parts: 1 Effects of several substances on growth performance in early weaned pigletsOn d 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after weaning the piglets were weighted, and ADG, ADFI, F/G, and diarrhea incidence were observed.As a result, glutamine could improve short-term growth performance, on first week and second week after weaning, ADG was greater53.28% (P>0.05)> 20.32% (P>0.05) respectively in piglets fed the glutamine diet, F/G was reduced 28.75 % ( P>0.05), 21.33 % (P>0.05 ) respectively, and after first week, diarrhea incidence was reduced significantly (48.45% , P<0.05) . Growth performance did not show any difference in piglets fed the lactitol diet than in piglets fed the control diet. Tributyrin had the tendency to increase ADG and feed efficiency(P>0.05), and after first week, diarrhea incidence wasreduced (41.0%, P<0.051) . Growth performance and feed efficiency were better in animals fed the compound diet during the whole period: from 1 to 4w ADG was improved 42.88% (P>0.05) 12.42% (P>0.05) 21.93% (P<0.05)> 10.72% (P>0.05) respectively, F/G was reduced 29.13% (P>0.05). 23.08% ( P<0.05), 16.46% (P<0.05), 12.33%(P>0.05) respectively, and diarrhea incidence was reduced significantly after first week(P<0.05) .2 Effects of several substances on intestinal modality in early weaned pigletsOn 7 day after weaning, 3 piglets from each group were killed to get sampling: three 5cm segments at distal duodenum, mid-jejunum and mid-ileum were dissected to make tissue sections, villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), mucosal thickness, villus width were measured, and villus height: crypt depth ratio (VCR)was calculated.As a result, on 7d after weaning, the jejuna! atrophy could be prevented by glutamine: villus height was greater 22.74% (P>0.05) ,VH/CD was improved 19.76% (P<0.05) , villus width was reduced 24.56% (P<0.05), and had no effect on crypt depth and mucosal thickness . Lactitol did not have any effect on the intestine or worse than the control diet. Compound had some advantages in maintaining intestinal modality, especially in jejunum and ileum: villus height was increased 44.82 % (P>0.05), 13.25 % (P>0.05) respectively, and VH/CD was improved significantly (P<0.05) .3 Effects of several substances on mucosal disaccharidases in early weaned pigletsOn d 7 after weaning, 3 piglets from each group were killed to get sampling: three 10cm segments at distal duodenum, mid-jejunum and mid-ileum were dissected to scrape intestinal mucous membrane, to determined activity of disaccharidases (lactase, maltase, sucrase).As a result, piglets fed experimental diets tended to have higher lactase activity in duodenum, and induced maltase and sucrase activity greatly in intestinal posterior segment, sucrase activity in jejunum increased 116.96% (P<0.05) in animals fed compound diet, maltase activity in ileum increased 29.9% . 69.83 % (P>0.05) respectively in animals fed glutamine and tributyrin.4 Effects of several substances on blood measurements in early wean... |
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