| Along with scientific progress and constant enhancement of agricultural productionlevel, facility horticulture blooms rapidly in our country. The need to adjusting agriculturalstructure, the cultivated area of the vegetables is expanding constantly and the requirementof vegetable production also gets higher and higher. There are temperature, humidity,illumination, etc. to influence main meteorological parameters of plant growth. The area ofChangjiang River and Huaihe River is cold in winter, the greenhouse needs heating,temperature is high in the greenhouse in summer and the maximum temperature is oftenabove 38℃. The plant is unable to grow. Therefore, the issue of winter greenhouse heatingand summer greenhouse cooling become a heavy difficult problem of developing facilityculture in the area of Changjiang River and Huaihe River, studying to different effects ofregulation and control and growing situation of greenhouse crops seem particularlyimportant. The experiments were carried out in the greenhouses of Anhui Academy ofAgricultural Sciences and Changqing agricultural science and technology Garden in Hefei.The characteristic weather and observation spots were selected and the methods ofconcentrating observation and parallel observation are provided in the experiments. Thetest treatments of heating in the winter include: the hot-water heating of the pipeline,choose garlic for trying material; the double-layered membrane covering, choose rose fortrying material; the electric wire heating. The test treatments of cooling in the summerinclude: ventilating to lower the temperature (including natural ventilation and ventilationby force), choose cucumber for trying material; sunshade and lower the temperature inside,choose green vegetables and amaranth for trying materials; micro-spray irrigation inside,choose tomato for trying material. Using the methods, such as agricultural meteorology,botany and biostatistics, etc., we study the effects of different regulation and controlmeasures. The explorations of variation of temperature, humidity and illumination weregoing on under different measures in the greenhouses; offer the scientific basis forhigh-efficient culture in the greenhouses in the area of Changjiang River and Huaihe River.We get the results as following:1. Effects of the heating measure: Hot-water heating increasing warm effecting mostobvious, temperature about 10～15 degrees Centigrade heating at night higher thancontrast, and make the temperature in the greenhouse well-distributed. In sunlightgreenhouses growing seedlings adopt to lay electric wire method in winter, can improve airtemperature and soil temperature to heat at night. Because sunlight greenhouses that keepwarm better, heat temperature of greenhouse 15 degrees Centigrade higher than contrastdaytime. The variation of temperature in double-layered plastic greenhouses is not asviolent as ordinary plastic greenhouse, can delay dispelling the heat in the greenhouse.Minimum temperature in double-layered plastic greenhouse increases about 2 degreesCentigrade than that in single-layered plastic greenhouse, and increases about 5 degreesCentigrade than that outside. The ground temperature of double-layered plasticgreenhouses is higher 5-10 degrees Centigrade than that outside. The illumination ofdouble-layered plastic greenhouse reduces 50%.2. The influence to the plant with heating: Garlic grows very quickly in the greenhousewith heating in earlier period. Garlic grows very slowly outside in earlier period. Thetemperature rise outside, garlic grows quickly, and garlic grows slow down in thegreenhouse with heating. But growing conditions of garlic in the greenhouse with heatingare superior to that outside. Appearance of Roses in the plastic greenhouse is superior tothat outside. Appearance of Roses in the double-layered plastic greenhouse is the best inboth.3. Effects of the Cooling measure: In summer natural ventilation is it uses to combine withfan sys... |
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