Effects Of Various Modifiers On Soil Fertility Properties And Tobacco Yields And Qualities

Most of our country high quality flured-cured tobacco bases located in tropic zone, subtropical zone and temperate zone, because of the high temperature and rainy tropic, subropical climate, and the improper fertilization and acerbity sedimentation, many disadvantageous physical and chemical properties which includes the decline of pH value, the decrease of organic matter, bad structure quality and the unbalance of mineral nutrition was formed, which affects flured-tobacco yieds and qualities. Therefore, by using the in-state and out-state references about the improvement of soil fertility properties, and then considering the existed defects, potted plant experiment and field experiment were carried out aming at solving the problems including the deficiency of soil organic matter, the improper fertilization, severious acidification and the unbalance of mineral nutrition, this experiment establish 8 treatments according to different mixtures of fly ash, lime, dolomite and culture waste of edible fungi, Which are 'routine chemical fertilizer' (treatment 1), 'lime + routine chemical fertilizer'(treatment 2), 'dolomite + routine chemical fertilizer1 (treatmen 3),'lime+culturewaste+routinechemical fertilizer (treatment 4), 'dolomite + culture waste + routine chemical fertilizer' (treatment 5), fly ash + culture waste + routine chemical fertilizer' (treatment 6), 'fly ash + routine chemical fertilizer' (treatment 7), 'culture waste + routine chemical fertilizer' (treatment 8). At last, the thesis attempts to discuss the effects of different modifiers on soil chemical and biochemical properties, tobacco growth, metabolization, yields and qualities, then choosed the best modifiers to provides scientific foundation for soil improvement, fertility culture and increasing tobacco yields and quality. Some main conclusions have been reached through experiments as follows:1. After applying different composition of modifiers, the soil chemical quality was improved. The pH value of treatment 4,5,2 and 3 were increased by 16.5%~13.3% compared with that of check (treatment 1); The organic matter of treatment 4,5 and 6 were raised by 29.4%, 23.4% and 15.5% compared with controlled treatment; quick available N of t reatment4, 5, 6 and 8 were increased 6.3%~17.9% compared with controlled treatment; quick available P oft reatment4, 5 and 6 were increased 46.2%, 42.8%and 37.2% compared with controlled treatment;quick available K of treatment4> 5 and 6 were increased 40.5%, 32.7%and 30.5% compared with controlled treatment; exchangeable Ca of treatment 5, 3, 4, 6 and 2 were increased 149.35%~137.62% compared with controlled treatment; exchangeable Mg of treatment 5, 3, 4, 6 and 2 were increased%-% compared with controlled treatment.the difference analyse and compare in many aspects indicate that the difference between soil chemical property and controlled treatment is postive or most postive.2. The different composed soil modifiers can increase soil microorganism and improve the activity of soil enzyme.after employing meliorations, the quantities of soil microorganism and the activities of soil enzyme were increased in different degree, but the effect of treatment4 is the most evident, the quantities of soil bacterium, phosphorus bacterium, potassium bacterium and decomposing fibrin bacterium increased 252.5%, 125.00%, 466.67%, 129.59% and 3114.29% than treatment l,but the quantities of soil fungus decreased 32.88% than treatment 1; the activity of catalase, fibrin enzyme.urea enzyme and phosphorus enzyme increased 130.77%, 100.00%, 110.00% and 515.38% than treatment 1; the difference analyse is most postive level.3. The use of the different composed soil modifiers can increase the ability of the intake of nutrition. After applying the modifiers, the total nitrogen of tobacco in treatment 4,5,6 increased 58.06%, 40. 43%, and 22.76% than treatmentl; the total phosphorus of tobacco in treatment 4,2,5 increased 44.4%, 34.78%, and 34.78% than treatmentl; the total potassium of tobacco in treatment 4,5,6 increased 25.2%, 16.5%, an...