Studies On Variations, Accumulation And Inheritance Of The 11S And 7S Fractions Of Soybean Seed Storage Protein

This research is based on the previous research work, openning widely the way of thinking, aiming at the present condition that the research is opposite lacking to discover, authenticate the variation of the soybean storage protein fractions and their subunits and study on their foundation theories of genetic breeding in our country, opening the exhibition of perfecten of SDS- PAGE technique system used for sieving and authenticating the variation of the content of protein subunits, the effection of years and varieties on the major fractions and subunits of storage protein, accumulation of major subunits of soybean storage protein,and the genetic analysis of β subunit and A5A4B3 subunit in soybean seeds, in order to establish the foundation of variety and theory for genetic breeding improvement of the soybean protein quality and produce in our country. The major results are as follows:1 The experiment attempts to investigate the resolving effect of soybean major storage protein (7S and 11S fraction) subunits under different separation gel concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed that the resolving effect of soybean major storage protein subunits could be greatly affected by the concentration change of resolving gel. The good resolving effect of 7S fraction subunits ( α' α and β ) of soybean storage protein could be obtained when the resolving gel concentrations were 9% and 10%, And the good resolving effect of 11S fraction subunits (A3, A4A2, A1aA1b, A5, B3, B1aB1bB2 and B4) of soybean storage protein could be obtained when the resolving gel concentrations were 13%. Furthermore, the 12% resolving gel concentration should be the best choice to obtain the good resolving effect of IIS and 7S fraction subunits.2 The content of 11S and 7S fractions and their major subunits in 280 soybean varieties storage protein during 2002 and 2003 years were compared with SDS-PAGE. The results showed that there were significant differences on the content of α', α , β , A3, A4A2, A1a1b, B3, B1aB1bB2, B4, A5 subunits, 11S and 7S fractions, 11S +7S fractions and 11S/7S ratios in 2002 and 2003 years.3 The material are 5 soybean varieties of different content of storage protein subunits.Compared the different time of accumulation of major storage protein subunits during different storages of cotyledons and embryonic axes development. The results showed that the time of accumulation is not completely same during different storages of cotyledons and embryonic axes development; In cotyledons,the content of α ' , α subunits were decreased gradually from the day of heavy accumulated(after flowering) to maturity; and found that there are accumulation of β subunit in 3 varieties embryonic axes and the B3 subunit appeared in varieties(Maojian 2 and Enlai) earlier development,but all disappeared later.4 Detected the subunits of accessions of 3 crosses .which made by 6 varieties of different subunit type(psubunit strong, β subunit low, A5A4B3 subunit normal and A5A4B3 subunit null).As a result,thepsubunit strong was controlled by a dominant gene, the β subunit low was controlled by a recessive gene,the gene controlling β subunit strong is uncomplete dominant to the gene controlling β subunit low,and the segregation ratio of F2 fitted an expected 1:2:1 genetic ratio. The A5A4B3 subunit normal was controlled by a dominant gene, the A5A4B3 subunit nall was controlled by a recessive gene,the gene controlling A5A4B3 subunit normal is uncomplete dominant to the gene controlling the A5A4B3 subunit nall.and the segregation ratio of F2 fitted an expected 1:2:1 genetic ratio.