Studies On The Dynamic Forming And Accumulating Of Quality Characters Of The Winter Wheat Cultivars In The Different Soil Textures

Three winter wheat cultivars containing high,middle and low gluten content in the clay,loam and sandy soil with pool-culture method were used to study the regulation of dynamic formation and accumulation of qualities during grain filling from 2001 to 2003.The main results were as follows:1. The physiological guide lines of flag leaf were different among three winter wheat cultivars in the different soil textures.The total changing trends was that Nitrate reductase activity,soluble protein content and nitrogen content of flag leaf reduced gradually with grain filling course.But soluble sugar increased firstly,then decreased.Correlate coefficient between these physiological guide lines and kernel weight,kernel starch content was negative.On the contrary,correlate coefficient between these physiological guide lines and kernel protein content was positive.2. Kernel weights of the three winter wheat cultivars had the same increased trend.The kernel weight and filling speed had distinct difference in different soil textures.Firstly,kernel weights of Gaomai 8901 and Luomai 1 were all higher in loam,lower in sand.Secondly,kernel weight of Yumai 49 was lower in clay;Thirdly,the filling pinnacle of Gaomai 8901 appeared earlier than the other two cultivars,but filling speed was slower. Contrarily, the filling pinnacle of Luomai 1 appeared later,but filling speed was higher in the stage.3. The dynamic accumulation of starch content of three winter wheat kernel took on a curve of "S"type during grain filling.The correlate coefficient between starch content and kernel weight was positive.Kernel starch and kernel weigh had the same trends in filling stage.Kernel starch of Luomai 1 and Gaomai 8901 was higher in loam.During the later filling stage,kernel starch of Gaomai 8901 was higher in sand than in clay.And we found the contrary result in Luomai 1. During the later filling stage,kernel starch of Yumai 49 was the same as that of Luomai 1.The changing rates of kernel starch in Luomai 1and Yumai 49 were higher during 10~35d after anthesis. The changing rate of kernel starch in Gaomai 8901 was higher during 10~25d after anthesis,also during 35~45 days.From the total changing,we concluded, that it was propitious to accumulation of kernel starch in winter wheat cultivars containing low and middle gluten content in loam.On the other hand,it wasn't propitious to that of cultivars containing middle and high gluten content in clay.We should do more research to find out the reason. 4. Dynamic regulation of protein content took on a curve that had two pinnacle in three winter wheat kernel.The correlate coefficient between protein content and kernel weight,protein content and starch content was all negative,and between kernel starch and protein was positive remarkably.Kernel starch content and protein content of Luomai 1 were all higher in loam,lower in sand.That of Yumai 49 was higher in loam also.So we concluded that it was suitable for the accumulation of kernel protein in winter wheat containing low and middle gluten content as well as kernel starch in loam.To Guomai 8901,it was suitable for the accumulation of kernel protein content in clay,but not for the accumulation of kernel starch content,contrary to sandy soil.The correlate coefficient was positive between kernel protein and kernel weight.The pinnacle of protein accumulation in Gaomai 8901 appeared earlier than in Yumai 49 and Luomai 1.Kernel protein of Luomai 1 in sand and Yumai 49 in clay were all lower contrary to that in loam.To Gaomai 8901,that was higher in loam and clay.5. Because cultivars or soil textures were different possibly,the accumulation of protein components of the three winter wheat cultivars existed obvious difference.Firstly,the accumulation characteristics of albumin and globin showed a fall tendency in filling stage.It went against the accumulation of them in sandy soil.To low and middle gluten cultivars,it was propitious to the accumulation of albumin and globin in loam,but to high gluten cultivar that was in clay.Secondly,on one hand,th...