Studies On Genetic Resource Of Oil Plant (M.Incana) For Peculiar Uses

Matthiola incana is a plant of Matthiola of cruciferae , originated in the south Europe , and cultivated as a ornamental plant in our country . It was reported that Matthiola incana containing profuse healthy a -linolenic is a new oil plant species for peculiar uses . This thesis preliminerarily studied on the agronomic characteristics , tissue culture and intergeneric hybrization of Matthiola incana . Obtained results are as follows:1. Observation on folwering characteristics, pollinating characteristics and agronmic characteristics.(1) Powering and pollinating characteristics : For the whole plant , the main floral bud first flower , and then the first , the second branch floral bud flower in turn from the upper part to the lower part . Whereas for a foral bud , fower from the lower part to upper part. Matthiola incana most flower in the day , and hardly do in the night. Its polinating way is mainly polinating between planglets .(2) Agronmic characterics : The whole growth period is longer , about 250 days . The appropriate sowing time is in the middle ten days of September in ChengDu . Weight of a thousand grain ripe seeds is lower, scarcely 2g . But seed number of a fruit is much more , nearly twice that of rape , and the whole plant yield is higher , almost half rape . After artificial breeding , all indices of agronomic characteristics increase obviously . This show that Matthiola incana has great potentiality in the yield .2.Studies on tissue culture of Mattiola incana .(1) Studies on callus induction and plantlet regeneration of Mallhiola incana . Higher frepuency of germination , lower frequency of abnormal seedling , rapid growth and tender plantlets of Matthiola incana were obtained from the seeds cultured on MS basal medium without any hormone , which helps in inducing calli . Its hypocotyl and leaf of cotyledon were better explants for inducing calli on the MS medium with 0.1mg/L NAA . The calli induced from the hypocytl developed the best shoot clusters when they were cultured on MS + 0.1mg/L 6-BA . Roots were induced on 1/2 MSA + 0.2mg/L JBA .(2) Studies of factors for high rate plantlet regeneration of the hypocytl of Multhiola incana . Among three basal medium , shoot regeneration of hypocolyl showed the best results in MS medium , the worst in Nitsch's basal medium and intermediate in B5 . Maltose and sucrose are supoerior to the others . AgNO3 was advantageous to the shoot formation . Cytokinins alone at lower concentration (0.1mg/L 6-BA) produced multriple shoots in hypototyl , whereas auxins(NAA) at higher or lower concentration inhibitded organogenesis . The rate of hypocotyl differentiating was improved via a subcuture of five-day period in the medium cobtaing 2, 4-D . The hypototyl explant of aseptical shoots from two-day culture in the dark place was more sensitive to hormone than that of green seedling in the light . The upper segments of hypocotyl produced shoots earlier than the lower segments , but their shoots regeneration frequencies were nearly equal . use of many factors favouring shoots formation in the same time showed cooperative effect on plantlets regeneraation , its frequency is higher to 87% .3. Preliminary studies on the intergeneric hybridization between nanchong rape(B. juncea) and Matthiola incana .By means of various methods to overcome reproductive isolation such as bud pollination , slight damage of the post head , coating boric acid media .cultivation of pollinated ovaries and hybrid embryiods , and so on , made preliminaryexperiments on the intergeneric hybridization between Nanchong rape(female) and Matthiola incana(male), the intergeneric hybrid was successfully obtained . The F1 chromosome numbers were 25 , which was the sum of haploid chromosome numbers of both parents .