| The experiment was carried out with garlic cultivars ,early cultivar ZhongMuZaoShuSuan(ZMZSS),mid-cultivar SongChengDaSuan(SCDS) and late cultivar CangShanSuan(CSS).This paper studied that the effect of low temperature treatment (1±2 ℃) on garlic physiologic, sprouting, plant growth, bolting and secondary growth. The results were achieved with assays in lab and in the field . (1) Proline(Pro) content of seed clove for ZMZSS treated for 26~102d was greater than that of control. Pro content of seed clove treated for 57d was the greatest. Pro content of seed clove treated for SCDS was lower than that of control and that of seed clove treated for 26d was the lowest. Pro content of seed clove treated for CSS was lower than that of control except those treated for 57d and 72d.Malondiadehyde(MDA) content of seed cloves for ZMZSS and SCDS decreased from two sides with the border of the content of garlic treated for 41d. MDA content of CSS had the increasing trend. Conductivity of three cultivars had insignificant differences among all treatments. (2) Seed cloves treated for 10~57d could promote to relieve dormancy and sprout earlier. Garlic sprouted earlier than control significantly, when ZMZSS was treated for 26~57d,SCDS treated for 10~57d, CSS treated for 41d. The dormancy of ZMZSS and CSS would be prolonged to February of next year,treated beyond 72d. (3) The scaly bud and flower bud differentiation period came earlier if seed cloves were treated for 10~72d . But this restrained garlic plant growth and made plant small. The longer treated time was, the weaker plants were. (4) Garlic could bolt earlier with low temperature treatment. Bolting period was promoted earlier within 50d, and bolting rate decreased progressively beyond 50d. Bolting rates of garlic treated for 87~ 102d were the lowest. Bolting rate of CSDS was greatest among three cultivars. (5) Low temperature treatment to seed clove could promote the secondary growth. The secondary growth rates of SCDS and CSS had the increasing trend. The secondary growth rate of SCDS was greatest. When ZMZSS was treated for 41~72d,SCDS treated beyond 57d,CSS treated beyond 72d, the secondary growth rate of garlic was greater significantly than that of control. (6) Different cultivars had different secondary growth types, different coming time and different lesion degree. The secondary growth of ZMZSS was the mixed type of both secondary growth of out-layer type (SGo) and secondary growth of inner-layer type (SGi). SGo came out in the early scaly bud and flower bud differentiationperiod. Secondary plants occured largely and plants aged earlier. There were many malformed cloves with inferior quality. That of SCDS was SGi that affected garlic lighter. That of CSS was SGi.SGi came in the later scaly bud and flower bud differentiation period. (7)Clove form of garlic treated for 10~57d was near to that of control. Form, weight and scaly bud number of clove treated for 72~102d were lower than those of control. (8) The positive correlation between MAD of ZMZSS and bolting rate, or and secondary growth rate was very significant. The positive correlation between MAD and SGi after harvest was for CSS very significant, and the positive correlation between sprouting rate and bolting rate was significant. It showed that MDA had close positive correlation with secondary growth of garlic. |
PDF Full Text Request