| Three spring soybean [Glycine max (L..) Merr] cultivars (high-protein cultivar NE42, middle-protein cultivar SN14 and low-protein cultivar NE163) were used as materials in the experiment. In pots, studying on the characteristics of protein and its subunit content accumulation in relation with dynamic change of nitrogen accumulation and translocation of different genotypes of soybean, which illustrated the acceleration effects and quantitative effect of measure from the molecular standard on this physiology course, and provided theory basis for the improvement of special high-quality cultivars.There were differences in dynamic change of protein accumulation of different genotypes of soybean. In the early stage of seeding (30-50 days after flowering), the range of change of protein content of NE163 and SN14 were not very significant. During 60-67 days after flowering, the trend of accumulation protein content decreased, then which was increasing. However, protein content of NE42 was going on in the whole course of seeding. But the speed of protein accumulation of three soybean cultivars still had differences in the particular periods. Content and intensity of protein accumulation in the later period would decide by seed protein content. Cultivar NE 42 had higher accumulated capacity and quicker speed, so it showed up the higher protein content finally.In the course of seeding, the trend of content of seed globulin and its subunit and the proportion of them among the total protein content was consistent with the trend of seed protein accumulation. Composition of globulin subunits was mainly controlled by the cultivars inheritance, which had no relation with nitrogen fertilizer. But content and intensity of accumulation of the different subunits were different among different genotypes of soybean. With the formation of seed, acidic-subunit and basic-subunit were faster and higher than those of globulin subunit. Once acidic-subunit, basic-subunit were formed, they were stable gradually, namely, their inheritance was very stable. Lots of subunits formed on 30 days after flowering, but 7s which contained a '- subunit and y -subunit formed later, and sometimes they disappeared or decreased. There had extremely notable difference in globulin subunit content among different soybean cultivars. There were extremely notable difference in acidic-subunit, basic-subunit and 11 s content with the different nitrogen fertilizer treatments , and there had significant differences in globulin content and total protein content.The trend of change was consistent between the percentage content of nitrogen in vegetative parts and its distribution among different genotypes of soybean. During the 0-30 days after flowering, nutrition content of vegetative parts increased roughly, and achieved tothe maximum at the initial stage of seeding, then fell quickly, and to the lowest point when ripened. In vegetative parts, distribution of nitrogen, nitrogen translocation efficiency and nitrogen contribution to seed showed : leaf>stem>pod.Peak value of nitrogen accumulation and value of nitrogen translocation of vegetative parts of three soybean cultivars were significantly positive correlated with seed yield, and with seed protein content. The amount of seed protein content chiefly relates to the content of globulin,US, basic-subunit,a-subunit, and the correlation coefficient achieves more than the significant standard. Peak value of nitrogen accumulation, value of nitrogen translocation showed : leaf >stem >pod. Thus, nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen translocation of leaf, stem play important role in accumulation of nitrogen and protein of soybean seed. The peak value of nitrogen accumulation of high-protein cultivar NE42 appeared earlier, higher and longer of duration than the other two cultivars, at the same time, nitrogen translocation efficiency of vegetative parts correlated with seed protein content (R=0.69) .The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the dynamic accumulation of relative, absolute contents of protein, globu... |
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