Research On High-speed Railway Ecological Impact Assessment And Ecological Restoration Based On GIS

The large-scale planning and construction of the high-speed railway and passenger special line of China not only promote the rapid development of the regional economies, but also bring tremendous pressure to the ecological environment. In the interest of decrease or avoidance for the ecological devastation caused by high-speed railway construction, it is very significant to build the high-speed railway based on the ecology-friendly principles and develop the research on the high-speed railway ecological impact assessment and ecological restoration as well.This article roots in the Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (50878214) and Comprehensive Landscaping Design Research of Jing-Hu high-speed railway, the secondary item of Grand Science and Technology Special Item of Ministry of Railways (2008G032-12). According to the potential ecological problems in the process of high-speed railway construction, the following research is carried out in this article:First of all, it analyzes the ecological effects caused by high-speed railway construction by using the basic principle of ecology and landscape ecology. At the same time, it discusses the negative impact on the ecological environment caused by high-speed railway construction from seven aspects such as soil erosion, vegetation etc combined with the author's investigation and research at the construction scene of Jing-Hu high-speed railway, which provides the basis for ecological impact assessment for high-speed railway.Secondly, on the basis of the ecological impact of the high-speed railway, it screens from the three aspects of natural ecology, social ecology and landscape for the high-speed railway ecological environmental impact factors respectively and it establishes the evaluation index system of high-speed railway ecological impact. It applies the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to high-speed railway comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the ecological environment, and finally it establishes the GIS model of high-speed railway ecological environment comprehensive evaluation.Thirdly, under the guide of ecological restoration and reconstruction of the theory, it develops the research of the key technology of ecological restoration of high-speed railway, and it summarizes the key technologies of high-speed railway restoration, which includes land reclamation technology, bio-engineering and landscape technology of road domain. Eventually, it brings forward specific measures of ecological restoration from 8 aspects such as animals, plants and landscape etc.Fourthly, by using VB2005 and ARCENGINE9.2, it primarily takes shape in GIS-based ecological impact assessment of high-speed railway system initially, of which the main function modules includes GIS basic operation module, individual evaluation of the ecological environment module, comprehensive evaluation module, data management and display module and restoration measures query module.Finally, it takes the Dingyuan district of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway as an example to verify the feasibility of high-speed railway comprehensive evaluation model and evaluation system.