The Research About The Synthesis Green Area Development That Is Suitable For Harbin's Elder People

As a result of the rapid economic growth and the significantly improved health care technology, people's average life expectancy is extended, which leads to the aging of the world's population. Therefore, it has become a new mission of landscaping majors to provide an ideal outdoor environment for more and more aged people for their leisure-time activities. As integrated parks are usually the first choice for aged people to have outdoor activities, the landscape design in these parks is of great significance, it is not only important to both mental and physical health of old people, but also good for resource sharing, urbanization, social progress, construction of urban culture, and building a harmonious society.By using methods of on-spot investigation and questionnaire survey, this paper examines integrated parks in the city of Harbin in their defects for old people's activities, draws out principles and key factors in designing the landscape of parks of frigid cities, and applies these principles and guidance into the case of Harbin Taiping City Park, providing recommendations to modify this Park. The paper is composed by the following five parts:Part 1: characteristics and demands of old people, including their physical, psychological and behavioral features and the so determined demands on landscape design of parks;Part 2: theories used in and their instruction to this paper, like the Need-hierarchy Theory, Behavioral Geography, Micro-climate Theory, Human Engineering Theory, Recreation and Leisure Theory, Human Nature Design Theory, etc;Part 3: investigation and questionnaire survey among certain old people in their use of integrated parks, covering on-spot examination on Harbin Guliyuan Park, Shangzhi Park and Zhaolin Park, questionnaire survey to a number of old people concerning their health conditions, activities, and evaluation on the current park environment, and a summary of defects and insufficiency of landscape design in Harbin's integrated park;Part 4: principles of building an old-people oriented integrated parks and key factors in the design of physical and cultural environment of parks and in park management;Part 5: practical design, which is an application of the above mentioned principals into the case of Harbin Taiping Park, offering advices to improve its landscaping;This paper puts forward a theoretical framework for park building based on Need-hierarchy Theory, Behavioral Geography, Micro-climate Theory, Human Engineering Theory, Recreation and Leisure Theory and Human Nature Design Theory; summarizes both objective and subjective reasons that affect old people's use of parks, in which, service radium is the decisive reason while climate is the main constrain; proposes construction principles and key points in building green areas suitable for old people, including the author's creative concept that cultural environment should consist of cultural environments built by government, formed by old people themselves and the natural culture as a result of the long-term evolution of the park itself, therefore, landscape designers should play their role in guiding the shaping of park's cultural environment. Finally, the paper puts all conclusions into practical design.