| Water is an element full of life, so it can bring vitality and vividness to its surroundings and give people wonderful mental experiences. The supreme advantage of the waterfront is its rich element of being close to water and it can provide those visiting and resting there with behavioral and mental experiences that can't be found it other places. Therefore the waterfront is the area people yearn for and where they have been gathering.In this paper, the facilities close to water in waterfront is closely studied. By defining the concept of activities close to water, human activities are classified into 3 categories: activities depending on water; activities mentally linked with water and cognitive activities. According to the definition, facilities close to water are divided into 4 types: playing with water; appreciating water; cognition and recreation. Then 3 kinds of waterfront environments----rivers, lakes and swamplands----are studied and the features of the facilities are summarized as follows: playing and appreciating water in the waterfront rivers; daily recreation and playing in the lakes and interaction and cognition in the swamplands. The author argues that in different waterfront environments, different needs of people should be satisfied by the facilities close to water.Taking the design of Yongchang swampland park in Gansu Province as a specific instance, this paper particularly studies the facilities there. The author analyzes the special features of the water activities in swamplands, discusses the contents of the facilities and space distribution and sums up the designing principles that should help people to get to know the swampland and appreciate the landscapes there but not to disturb the line of sight and ecological environment. With the scientific method of classification, the paper studies the plan of 4 types of water facilities in the swampland. The basic principles are put forward for the designing techniques and are tested in practice.
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