Review And Evaluation Of Rural Settlement Combination And Readjustment In Shanghai Suburbs

Researching on rural areas development is very important, especially during the process of building socialism countryside. In order to release the pressure of farmland consumption, also to promote the modernization course of rural areas, the Shanghai Government has started the practice of village combination and readjustment for rural settlements. In 1985, "three concentration" strategy is first put forward in Songjiang District of Shanghai suburbs, and after then it became the guiding ideology of rural settlement combination and readjustment. Since 1985, practices under "three concentration" strategy had gone a long period, but the effectiveness is not studied yet. So this thesis chooses it as the main research aim. It tries to give some advices for the construction of "Central Villages" and new countryside in present Shanghai suburbs.This thesis obtains necessary data by literature consulting, departments' interviews and cases investigation, and studies with the method of comparative analysis combining of Benefit - Cost research. Beginning with bringing forth the expecting goals of rural settlement combination and readjustment practices by analyzing "three concentration" strategy, the thesis summarizes that there are four types of operation methods for practices in Shanghai suburbs through the review of relating policies and practices. Then, by analyzing of some done cases and comparing their effectiveness the thesis concludes the experience and problems during the practice process.There are three manners in Shanghai to combine and readjustment rural settlement, which are urbanization, village relocation and internal collection. And the three manners are divided into four types: land expropriation, land replacement, house reconstruction and village gradual merging. By case study, it finds out among the four, land expropriation is just a temporary method to obtain construction land during rapid urbanization period, and land replacement is the typical method used nowadays, and house reconstruction is helpful to build a more comfortable environment in rural areas, and lastly village gradual merging can be the method which can stand firmly.Furthermore, this thesis analyzes the successes and faults of Shanghai's practice. Through combination and readjustment Shanghai saved large amounts of land for urban development, and the living environment of peasants had improved greatly. Certainly, there are some problems in the course of operation, such as regional planning, land ownership, society justice and economy evaluation.Finally, the research requiring further studies are discussed.