The Analyses Of The Huge Space Building's Load Characteristics And Its Energy Audit

Building energy consumption is an important part of the total energy consumption in the world, which accounts for 42% to 45% in industrialized countries, and 27% in China. At present, the largest energy potential exists in existing non-energy-saving buildings in our country, so in addition to the construction of new energy-saving guarantee, the most critical thing is to audit the energy consumption of the existing buildings in advance, and conduct energy-saving retrofit on the basis of the audit.Nowadays, there is so much simulation software for energy audit available. When using a single software for building's energy consumption analysis, most of the qualitative conclusions are not controversial, but the reasonableness of the quantitative conclusions can not be judged. If we use two different softwares for the same building's energy consumption analysis, even if all assumptions are set exactly the same, the annual simulated energy consumption got vary, even sometimes will make significant differences and contradictions; therefore, the software simulation results must be objectively analyzed and judged on the base of project practice.In the stage of postgraduate studies, the author participated in the investigation of commercial buildings in Chongqing organized by Chongqing Environment Committee, which involved a wide scope, including malls, hotels, office buildings, hospitals, schools and etc. According to the actual investigation, this paper analyzes the energy consumption and management situation of the malls, hotels, office buildings, hospitals, and collects the necessary data for the audit of the huge space buildings.This paper uses DeST software to analyze huge space building's cooling / heat characteristics detailedly, including the hourly load characteristics, the partial load characteristics and the load composition characteristics; also analyze the influences to cooling / heat load of the air-conditioning setting temperature, the window's shelter coefficient, the exterior insulation system and the air change. The author brings forwards some oppugns to parts of the simulated results and gets full demonstration.This paper uses DeST and CTM to carry through the energy audit to the huge space buildings detailedly, including mall's energy consumption research audit and energy consumption simulated audit. Through the simulated audit, the author calculates the energy consumption composition ratio of the HVAC system's equipments, and analyzes the audit results contrastively, especially discusses the commonness and personality of the energy saving ratio which simulated by DeST and CTM. Through the contrastive analysis, we can get the right approach to HVAC system's energy saving using the exterior insulation system.On the basis of the large space building's load characteristics analysis and energy audit, the author researches large space building's energy saving retrofit schemes, and analyzes the feasibility for economy. The schemes mostly research these aspects: the application of the window film, the rational use of natural and mechanical ventilation, the decrease of the illumination load, the increase of the air-conditioning system's setting temperature, the increase of chiller's COP, the change of chiller's operation strategy, the frequency conversion technique of the water pumps, VAV system and etc.This research provides necessary theoretical basis for energy audit and energy saving retrofit of the large space buildings.