Research Of People Safety Evacuation In Building Fire With A Method Of Performance-Base Building Fire Prevention And Design

With the rapid development of economy, large-scale building complex with many kinds of function and complicated structure appear like bamboo shoots after a spring rain, which bring much convenience to people's life and work ,and save lots of land for cities. However, hidden troubles of fire are increasing with growth of the super-scale buildings. At the same time, the rise in building heights and the enlargement in building areas may cause more uncertain factors for the building fire spread, more difficulties for the people's safe evacuation in fire. Therefore, whether the people in building fire can be evacuated safely has become one of the social and governmental focuses.The theory of performance-based fire prevention and design in building is applied to study the people evacuation during the building fire in the dissertation. Firstly, the author takes a toggery in a supermarket for background, adopts a CFD (computative fluid dynamics) software—FLUENT to do the numerical simulation computation on given fire scenario. As a result, the distribution and change of smoke concentration field and temperature field during fire process are obtained, with which the available safe evacuation times at each exit are accordingly acquired. Secondly, combing the exit capacity and the way of optimizing grids, the calculating method for the time of people's safe egress is presented, then the status of occupants' movement at grids' nodes of escape door is explored, the necessary evacuation times in real scenario are computed correspondingly. At last, the risk evaluation is accomplished referring to the calculation results.