Research On Bus Frame Crash Simulation And Crashworthiness Analysis

This paper summarizes the importance of research on automobile crash safety and the research method on it, analyzes the research situation in crash simulation on computer in domestic and international automobiles, discusses the deficiencies in this research in domestic bus field. On basis of those, an idea of using Finite Element Method (FEM) to accomplish bus body frame crash simulation and appraise bus body frame crashworthiness and provide improved measure is presented.Subsequently, according to the research demand, the analysis platform is selected. Base on reason that occupant injuries in accident, the ideal crashworthy body frame of automobile and appraise method are presented. Modern bus body frame structural style is also introduced. Start with study on basic components crashworthiness of bus body frame, deform resistance and endergonic capability of six section style basic components are analyzed and the component's crashworthy improvement which by changing component thickness, or controlling deform mode, or using suitable material are studied.Because of the complexity of whole bus body frame, building FEA model and simulate calculation need a large of time. It is necessary to ensure the model's precision and control time cost in calculation. So the advantage and disadvantage of kinds of FEA model to bus body frame crash simulation are compared. In addition, influence to calculate precision and time cost which are taken by size of element and distribution of grid and friction and calculate step in FEA model building process are studied. All of the research provides an available reference to building a whole bus body frame crash model.According to the requirement of the clients, two buses body frame crash model using board-shell element are build and the frontal impact simulation are accomplished. Deformation of whole body frame and parts of main components such as chassis are analyzed. The crashworthiness of two buses body frame are appraised by analyzing survival condition and acceleration curve near the seat of the driver and passengers when the crash happens. The method and measure to improve the bus crashworthiness are pointed out.All of studies in this paper offer a valuable reference to bus whole body frame crash simulate calculation, satisfy the clients practical requirement, provide the available method on crashworthiness design to domestic bus manufacture enterprise, and have a fine practical significance.