Investigation Of Emergency Scheduling On A Raw Water Supply System With Multiple Sources

Water supply system is one of the essential infrastructures in a city, which is a basic guarantee of the socioeconomic development and people's daily life. Currently, China enjoys a high-speed development in economy, while there are more and more emergency contamination accidents occurred which is a result of conflicts between nature and human beings. The pollution accidents occurred in the water source upstream may impose negative impact on the drinking water safety of the cities downstream. Although nearly every water company and government agencies have established various emergency response plans, in general, it is lack of effectiveness and ease of operation. Among the coastal cities in South China, it is common that the raw water supply system is composed of multiple sources. The purpose of this research is to provide an effective decision support tool for emergency scheduling and to conduct the optimal scheduling on the premise of water security in the system.Based on the widely literature review, a technical framework was set up on the raw water supply system with multiple sources, which consists of the real-time monitoring system, decision support system and emergency command system. Following a brief introduction to each part of the technical framework, a detailed theoretical analysis was carried out to construct the functional unit in the decision support system which is based on the hydraulic simulation model.An EPANET based hydraulic model was built on the raw water supply system of Zhuhai. Because there are many undetermined pipe friction coefficients in the model, a novel method, which combines a Monte-Carlo Sampling based Sensitivity Analysis method and a Genetic Algorithm based optimization method, was developed to conduct the model calibration. In the process of model verification, it is observed that the proposed method can improve the efficiency of model calibration by narrowing down the influence on the model caused by non-sensitive parameters; therefore, it can be used to calibrate the hydraulic model of water supply system with large scale.After the calibration and validation, the technical framework of emergency scheduling was utilized on the raw water supply system of Zhuhai, and a particular Decision Support System was developed in Matlab GUIDE. Through scenario analysis, it shows that the DSS tool can help to simulate the migration and diffusion of pollutants, evaluate the system security status and to put forward an optimal plan under conditions of emergency.