The Simulation Research And Safety Assessment Of Operating Coach During Side Impact

Safety, environmental protection and energy saving has become three hot topics in the automotive engineering field. With the rapid economic development, the number of privately owned cars soars and the domestic possession of cars grows fast. While cars promoting the social development, it also causes negative influence on road traffic. The front collision accident has the highest proportion in the death toll of traffic accidents, and the side collision accident is in second place. But the proportion of side collision accident is higher than that of front collision in seriously injured accidents. In our country, most urban roads are primarily planar crossroads. With the formation of high grade highway network and the rapid development of tourism, the usage of bus enhances unceasingly, so the probability of side collision is increasing. The side of the bus is the weak part, once impacted from the side, can't absorb collision energy. Because it doesn't have enough space to produce structural deformation like the front or the back part, the passengers' safety will be threatened. So, the research of side collision safety of the bus has important significance to improve our road traffic safety.In this paper, the background of automobile collision is analyzed first; the important significance of auto crash safety and the research situation of computer simulation in both domestic and foreign are discussed. A 6127-type and a 6123-type bus are chosen as the research object. According to the test requirements of side impact regulations ECE R95, FMVSS 214 and GB20071-2006, using the nonlinear finite element program LS-DYNA, the side collision of the bus is simulated. The effect of body skin on side impact was analyzed. The reasons of impact side, impact section, element type, material model, control parameters are discussed. According to the simulation results, the structure deformation, impact energy, impact acceleration and residual space are analyzed. A test dummy model is installed and the injury of the dummy is discussed preliminary. The head, chest, and pelvic index are compared with/without seat belt. The results show that the occupant residual space is invaded because of the space which can absorb energy is limited. But the evaluation index is in the limits of human body. In order to improve the crashworthiness of side, two improvement schemes are promoted. Comparing the simulation results of the improvement schemes, scheme ii can improve side stiffness of the bus properly. The results of this paper will provide certain reference for the establishment of side collision safety regulations and designing new coach products with higher crashworthiness.