| The safety of the vehicle includes initiative safety and passive safety. Compared to initiative safety, the study on passive safety has great significance in passenger protection. Crash test is one of the most important methods of vehicle passive safety study, which needs crash testing equipment with complete function.The overall scheme design of mechanical energy storage vehicle crash testing equipment has been put forward on the basis of studying the domestic and international vehicle crash testing equipment. Both finished vehicle crash test and sled crash test can be conducted in this equipment. The study on the crash testing equipment has been conducted in following aspects.Firstly, drawing mechanism has been designed. In order to meet the requirements of constant acceleration, constant torque mechanism has been designed to obtain constant torque. The main and auxiliary guidance mechanisms have been designed to guarantee the moving direction of the vehicle.Secondly, detaching mechanism has been designed. The maximum contact force in the interface has been obtained by analyzing the dynamics and kinematics of the disengagement process. The strength calibration and topology optimization with the target of minimum quality have been carried out to reduce energy consumption and guarantee the velocity of the vehicle.Thirdly, crash energy absorption equipment has been designed. The crash simulations of composite steel tube structure and thin-walled tube structure have been conducted. The energy absorption disciplines of different parameters have been acquired. On the basis of these disciplines, structural parameters have been optimized, and a reasonable crash energy absorption structure has been obtained which can meet the regulations. And this structure can be used in simulation crash test. Not only finished vehicle crash test but also simulation crash test can be achieved in the testing equipment. It has great significance in the study on vehicle passive safety. |
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