Comprehensive Evaluation On Safety Situation Of Tailing Dam Based On Mathematics

Tailings dam, as a special structure of metal and non-metal mines, is one of major hazard installations of our country, in which tailings dam-break is one of the prominent forms to cause mining disasters. In China, many large and medium-sized tailings reservoirs are located in geographically key positions, with densely urban residents, important factories, mines or traffic arteries in their lower reaches. After the construction and operation, the tailing dams might be influenced by landslides (slope collapse), flood overtopping, seepage damage, etc., there may also be the damage from a heavy earthquake. In this process, with the dam material aging, the tailings dams's ability of withstanding huge load such as water pressure and osmotic pressure is continuously reducing. Therefore, there is great necessity to evaluate and analyze in time, to accurately grasp the changing law of behaviors of tailings dams, and to determine the major issues threatening the safety of tailing dams and try to eliminate them, so as to ensure the safe operation of tailing dams. Provided that these faults and hidden defects are not timely evaluated and handled, but allowed to deteriorate, the influences will range from the design capabilities of tailings dams to the break of dams, which will affect the downstream and bring extraordinary disasters to people's lives property, the national economy and social stability as well as the ecological environment. Therefore, it will get significant engineering and social benefits to make safety evaluation on tailing dams, to control the main faults, hidden defects and some major engineering difficult technical issues, and identify the key projects for eliminating defects and dangers.This paper, through studies, first runs a preliminary analysis on the relevant factors influencing the safety and stability of tailing dams, and establishes a safety evaluation index system of tailing dams; then make safety analysis on the actual situation of the operation of dams, through building a practical safety evaluation system and applying the method of combing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and fuzzy pattern recognition theory; and at last gets the current security status of tailing dams. Following that, improvement issues are put forward. Safety assessment results can effectively guide the danger elimination work such as dam-site reinforcement, etc. It will provide scientific basis for decision-making of safe and economic operation, thereby making sure that tailing dams operate in a safe and stable way.