Studyes On Technology To Soften Edible Areca Nut By Enzyme

Areca nut is dried fruit of Areca Cathchu Linn (one of the palm species), and is the most commonly hobby goods in the world after tobacco, ethanol and caffeine. It is also popular in the Taiwan province,Hainan province and Hunan province. The areca nut is hard and it is a heavy burden to the mouth with chewing the areca nut. It would harm the hard and soft tissue of mouth if someone chronically sustain chewing the areca nut.In this study, the areca nut from Hainan province was used as the raw material, and were soften by the way of the cellulase,hemicellulase and pectinase hydrolysis. Pulverizing Resistance Rate(PRR) was adopted to contrast hardness of softened areca nut hull as a evaluating indicator was studied. Also, the ratio and dosage of the three enzyme that influence enzyme hydrolysis and the softening effect of areca nut hull were optimized by experiment, as well as the condition of enzyme hydrolysis. Ultimately, we had a research on the impact of physical treatment on the areca nut hull's hardness and enzyme hydrolysis which soften the areca nut hull. The main results were shown as follow:On the research of applying PRR to contrast hardness of softened areca nut hull, we fixed on that areca nut weight 20.0 g, pulverizing time 40s were the pulverizing work parameter. Water content had great effect on the PPR; When using NaOH solution to soften areca nut hull in 5 hour, in the 0-3% concentration of NaOH solution, it was negative correlation between the PRR and hardness of softened areca nut hull, the related coefficient was 0.9832, the more great of PRR, the better of softening effect and the lower of hardness.On the research of the best ratio of cellulase,hemicellulase and pectinase to soften areca nut hull, response surface methodology(RSM) was used to analyze the three key factors, dosage of cellulose,hemicellulase and pectinase, that have great impact on the softening result of areca nut hull. PRR was used as a evaluating indicator, and, the result of quadratic equation is as follow:Y=54.55+1.85A+0.52B+0.17C-0.34AB-0.16AC+0.11BC-1.52A2-0.46B2+0.17C2 the optimum dosage of three enzyme were:dosage of cellulase 28.32U/g, dosage of hemicellulase 10.OOU/g and dosage of pectinase 5.00U/g.On the research of the best condition of enzyme hydrolysis to soften areca nut hull with the optimum dosage of three enzyme, response surface methodology(RSM) was used to analyze the three key factors, temperature of water-bath heating,pH of buffer solution and enzymolysis time, that have great impact on the softening result of areca nut hull. PRR was used as a evaluating indicator and the result of quadratic equation is as follow: Y=54.54+0.12A+0.12B+0.36C+0.011AB-0.026AC-0.081BC-1.60A2-0.73B2-0.29C2the optimum condition of optimum mixed enzyme were:temperature 55.15℃, pH4.52 and time 5.63h.On the research of physical treatment, high pressure steam, repeated freeze and microwave's impact on the softening result of enzymolysis to areca nut hull, the PRR was obviously increase, it indicated the physical treatment promote the softening function of enzymolysis to areca nut hull.