United Nations And Global Climate Governance

Climate being an important part of the human livelihood natural environment, climatic change has the noticeable influence to the natural ecosystem and the social economy. But since the Industrial Revolution, the humanity has excessively used fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and so on, discharges massive greenhouse gas, causes the global climate system to appear climatic change with being warmer as its main characteristic. Human survival and development faced with huge challenges. Moreover as a result of the climatic change question's particularity, the climatic change not only can be able to affect the greenhouse gas emissions countries, but also will affect all other countries; Not only can affect present generation's survival and development, also will affect posterity's survival and the development. All these decide the solution of climatic change question needs numerous actors' participation of the international society. As an important actor of the international society, United Nations is inevitably also the important actor in the climatic change question's governance. The dissertation takes United Nations as a research subject, carries on the analysis and discussion of United Nations' functions in global climate governance.This dissertation first has made the limitation to the climatic change question, introduces the main performances and characteristic of the climatic change question. The climatic change question's particularity has drawn out the concept of the global governance, and then makes the definition to the concrete question's governance—the concept of global climate governance. Global climate governance can be understood that the international community, including countries and non-countries, goes all out to alleviate and response the global climatic changes through the restricting institutional arrangement or informal rules, so as to maintain the survival and sustainable development of the human society.The actors of global climate governance include the sovereign states, the inter-governmental international organizations, the non-governmental environmental organizations, the multinational corporations and so on. Each governance actor plays an important role in the global climate governance, but also each actor has its own limitations. Governance actors such as sovereign state, the non-governmental environmental organizations, the multinational corporations manifesting shortcomings, decides the climatic governance needs the intergovernmental international organizations' fill function. As the core part of inter-governmental international organization system, United Nations has extremely important status in international society, therefore this dissertation selects United Nations as the research subject, transforms to the research of United Nations in global climate governance. The dissertation has analyzed international society's anticipation to United Nations as well as its actual functions in the climate governance. The international society hopes United Nations plays the part as the neutral tenderer of the climatic change information, the supplier or improver of international public welfare question of climate protection, the leader in global climatic change governance, the coordinator among divergent interest main bodies, as well as the valuator and surveillant of correlation questions. United Nations is mainly playing following actual roles in the climate governance: Has provided the organization component for the global climate governance; Provides the whole world with climatic change information, enhancing the humanity understanding to the climatic change question; Enhances various countries' climate protection consciousness, impels cooperation mechanism construction of global climate governance, facilitates international climate cooperation and so on. This dissertation also takes the clean development mechanism's establishment and development as an example, analyzes United Nations' functions in global climate governance..Certainly, playing the vital role in the climate governance, United Nations also has its own limitation which is difficulty to overcome as well as other governance actors. This dissertation finally has carried on the analysis to United Nations' limitations and conditionality factors in global climate governance in the concluding part.In brief, the international society has placed the great expectations to United Nations in global climate governance status and the functions, but as a result of the global climatic change question's distinctive quality and United Nations' own conditionality factors, United Nations climate governance equally has difficulty in reaching the international society's desires as well as it in other global questions' governance.