Study On The Refinning Technology Of Natural Bamboo Fibers

China has abundant bamboo resource.There are 40 genus and more than 500 species of bamboo,as well as 4,842,600 hectares of planting area in China.Therefore, it has great value to take full advantage of the bamboo resource.Nature fibers can be extracted from bamboo to be used for textiles by further treatment,which is quite favored by customers with their excellent properties,such as good moisture permeability,anti-bacterial and anti-ultraviolet.However,the extracting technology of bamboo fiber is far from viable at present,because there are high contents of hemicelluloses,lignin,and other non-cellulose sections in bamboo.Therefore,the refinning technology of natural bamboo fibers was mainly discussed in this paper.The contains of chemical components of bamboo and natural bamboo fibers were compared to these of bast-fibres.This was helpful to optimize the refining process of natural bamboo fibers.Enzymatic method cause less environmental pollution and have less damage to fibers,so it is used to refine natural bamboo fibers in this paper.In addition,chemical method and bio-chemical method with their individual characteristics are also used in this paper.At last,the structure and performance of the bamboo fibers were studied.The following conclusions can be obtained from experimental results.(1) The chemical components of bamboo strip and natural bamboo fibers are similar to bast-fiber.But the contents of chemical components are different.The content of cellulose of bamboo is lower than 45%,and that of natural bamboo fibers is lower than 70%,less than ramie and flax fibers.(2) Three enzymes,xylanase,laccase and cellulase,were used in the refining on natural bamboo fibers.First,the processing parameters for individual enzymes were optimized in terms of fiber linear density and content of residual gum;Second, 'xylanase + laccase + cellulase' process is carried on to refine the natural bamboo fibers.The fibers refined by the second process have linear density of 4.55tex,and content of residual gum of 13.32%.(3) The bamboo fibers were refined by chemical method.The best assist agents were chosen through orthogonal test,and the chemical processing parameters were optimized in terms of fiber linear density and content of residual gum.The fibers refined by the optimized process have linear density of 3.95tex,and content of residual gum of 11.84%.(4) The bio-chemical method was discussed by orthogonal test.Using this method the alkali concentration decreased by 30%,and the content of residual gum of fibers decreased to 11.01%,and the linear density of fibers decreased to 3.54tex.(5) The morphology and fine structure of the bamboo fibers were observed,and the degree of crystallinity and orientation were experimentally calculated to be 70.37% and 82.5%,respectively.