Using Biochemical And Eletrostatic Method To Dyeing Wool In Low-Temperature

In the process of dyeing wool,the Hydrophobic scale layer around wool fiber will block the absorption and diffusion of dye molecules from water to fiber,so the wool dyeing have to proceed in high-temperature 98℃to help improve the diffusion coefficient.But dyeing in high temperature not only result in higher energy consumption and increasing costs,but also cause the yellowing of wool and affect the handle,luster and bright of wool fiber.Dyeing in high temperature will also decrease the strength and destroy the natural quality of wool fiber.For this reason,studying and boosting the wool dyeing in low-temperature is very important.As yet,there are lots of reports about the method of wool dyeing in low-temperature,such as solvent,oxidation treatment,auxiliary agent,Biological enzyme treatment etc.Even they all achieved a sound effect in lab,but some of them turn up sorts of questions in actual manufacturing activities.Our study based on the thermodynamics and dynamics in dyeing process.First of all,an analysis of how the structures of dye affect the diffusivity was carried out,and we come to a conclusion that the diffusivity of dye molecules with a linear structure is better than which with a facets structure.And then we analyzed some dyeing method in low-temperature which commonly used in actual manufacturing activities.And the conclusions are as follow:Firstly,the method of removing scale by oxidation process can lower the block of wool fiber scale effectively,especially the means by KMnO₄.It not only has a favorable low-temperature dyeing effect,but also has small impact on the environmental.Secondly,attention about the choice of agent should be given.Because the agent will be in conjunction with the dye molecules,and strengthen of these conjunction can badly affect the diffusion rate and dye uptake of dyestuff.Thirdly,reasonably use organic solvent can speed up the diffusion rate of dye molecules to fiber,and benzyl alcohol won't affect the final dye uptake.However,the cost is an issue that needs to be considered.Moreover,researches from domestic and foreign show that water molecules usually formed a few or even dozens of molecule-clusters under the force of intermolecular force.And if the clusters were broken,the water's physico-chemical property of solvency,penetration,metabolism and proliferation would change.Such function was applied and approved first in biology.For example,the little water molecule-clusters can increase biological transmission,enhance metabolism,which will improve the functionality of organism.In addition,this improvement in solvency,penetration,metabolism and proliferation is the main intent practiced by dyeing and finishing researcher.After experiment,we come to a conclusion that the little water molecule-clusters have a higher impregnability,which is in favor of water molecules diffuse into the wool fiber.It will speed up the expansion of wool fiber in water and at the same time infiltrate into the area which is not easy to be infiltrated.On the other hand,the little water molecule-clusters can quicken the dissolution and diffusion of dyestuff,increase the solubility of dye molecules.