| Disaster system is a extremely complex huge system with the complex characters during the process of generation and evolution,such as order, mutation, irreversible denaturation, long-period unpredictability and fuzzy, gray and others, which the traditonal Newtonian mechanics cannot describe for it's the law independent on the time, and the results of the evolution will determine. However, the appearance of non-linear complexity system science,including dissipative structure, synergism, catastrophe theory and chaos theory, makes it possible to on the study of nonlinear dynamics disaster generating, evolutiing and the governing factor on the whole. Non-linear complexity system science,which is based on dissipative structure, synergism , catastrophe theory and chaos theory, focuses the point on the direction of evolution,what is the irreversibility.The open disaster systems take in negative entropy flow to form a sort of order structure—dissipative structures, via non-linear interactivity between the components and the fluctuation. This essay analyses the projects such as landslides, the process of soil erosion , the evolution of rock system and the depopulation of creature on the view of dissipation and self-organization, and generalizes the application of complexity science in supervision of the safety management in coalmine, and introduces its application of dissipative in socio-economic, meteorological and hydrological in the application.Catastrophe theory is a mathematical theory which studies the discontinuous change of status of the system by the discontinuous change of the control parameters outside ,and it's an important tool to study the sudden jump of the system. This essay introduces seven kinds of basic catastrophe model, and the application of cusp catastrophe in the system risk assessment, prediction and in mining, water conservancy projects, and its instruct in the tunnel, the underground chamber. And introduces the Dovetail Catastrophe model in the problem of landslides with weak rock slope and the fire disaster of construction.The essay introduces the use of the fuzzy theory and grey theory to class, integration assess and merging cluster or predict the disasters System for ite attribute of fuzzy and grey. In addition,the disasters chain is a theory developing in resent years. It provides a new pattern to prevent and decrement the disaster from the mechanics of the occurred of disaster chain.Entropy is the extension of Boltzmann thermodynamic entropy. It's the measurement of the degree of system's confusion. The generating of disaster system is just a process of dimensionality reduction and an orderlization. Therefore, it's feasible to describe the occurrance and evolution of the disaster system with information entropy. This essay corrects the errors of the achievements, brings forward the basic characteristics of variable to construct the information entropy and constructs the information entropy based on the first invariant of injury tensor, and designs finite element program for the problem of anisotropic injury in dam,besids,the application of information entropy for the safety evaluation system ,the hydrological cycle, and other practical problems.Chaos theory is the science built in the 1960s.Chaos means the irregularity or ruleless in the uncertain system. The chaotic character of disaster system is mainly embodimented on the performance of predictable in short term and unpredictable in long-term. It's feasible to predict the evolution of disaster system with Lyapunov index, Kolmogorov entropy, fraction dimension. The essay introduces the specific method of Chaos prediction in landslides, the nonlinear chaotic pit forecast based on chaos theory and the impact of pressure to predict.This essay summarized a lot of information on disasters and explores the content of disasters system and dynamics of engineering disaster. It studies the disaster system from another perspective, which is different from traditional in nature,and provides a new thought for disaster research and disaster prevention and reduction. |
