The Research Of Nan Hai Wetland Of Inner Mongolica Baotou City Protection And Exploitation

The Nanhaizi wetland with an area of 16.64 km~2,being located in the south of Donghe district of Baotou city,the nonth shore of the Yellow River,including a lake with an area of 333 hectares,in arid and semi-arid region,it is very precious resource to Baotou industry city,and it is a ecology shelter to Baotou city.Main protection object of Nanhai wetland is wetland ecosystem and precious birds,and the protection zone is the important post migrating on the route in the north and south of migratory bird.In this natural environment,there are abundant wildlife resources and wetland biodiversity.There are about 137 species,93 genera, 36 families plants in the wetland,These plants include Calamagrostis epigejos(L.)Roth, Scirpus planiculmis Fr.Schmidt,Eragrostis pilosa(L)Beauv.Phragmites australis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steudeletc.At the same time,there are also 101 species animals,which belong to 76 genera,46 families,23 orders.There are 77 kinds of birds here,including Cygnus cygnus(Linnaeus),Egretta alba(Linnaeus),Phalacrocorax carbo(Linnaeus), Podiceps cristatus(Linnaeus) and Larus relictus Lonnberg which is rare and precious. The Nanhai wetland is an epitome of the wetland ecosystem of the Yellow River.Its habitat type is distinctive.It is the only province level wetland in Baotou city,so there is great significance for sustainable development of local ecological environment,economy and society.This paper based on a comprehensive investigation and questions were proposed as follows:1,The wetland water resource is insufficient;2,Water pollution is comparatively serious;3,There is dispute in the peripheral land;4,The protection funds are shortage;5,The management level demands urgently to strengthen;6,The basic research is weak,talents are scarce and the technical level is backward;Based on the existing problems and around wetland protection project construction plan,the protection measures were made.:1,Carrying on ecology and treating water during ice flood of the Yellow River,rational deployment of the water resource,guarantee the wetland water were available for ecological purpose.By the measure of withdrawing from the cultivated land to return the beach,resuming aquatic vegetation,building shelter belt,etc,The source of water were conserved and the problem of water shortage was solved;2,Adopting the method that the biological measure combines with project measure,water quality is purified;3,Wetland Legislation is setted up to solve problems such as the land dispute,polluting,etc;4,Setting up and improving the wetland, protecting management and scientific research monitoring system,carrying on scientific research and monitoring and activity of propagation and education,the construction of basic condition was strengthened and studied.Through implementing the wetland protection project,using the technology,the law,administration and economic means synthetically, protection and managerial ability about the wetland was strengthened,ecosystem of wetland and function safeguard was made effectively.In development and exploitation,taking wetland planning and construction for centre,the whole wetland was divided into a key district,a buffering area,a test block.The test block will develop tourist industry,fishery, catering trade rationally on the basis of protecting wetlands resources well,set up the popular science educational base of wetland,increase the wetland output,promote the harmonious development of regional economics and society and natural resources and ecological environment.