The Research About The Environmental Water Requirement Of Small Watersheds Water And Electricity Exploitation

In recent years, Chinese large-scale water conservancy construction has gained success and been focused attention upon in the world in the area such as using the water resources and rebuilding the entironment. But the motion has also brought some matter; it means that the exploitation water resources are not only complicated technology problem, but also more and more social and political problem today, especially the water and electricity engineering. More and more environment problem has been discussed in the international dam meeting; this situation can be the clear proof.The environmental influence of water and electricity engineering is the water transformation which in the process of power station operating influence the life-form, lost of water and soil, social environment, and waste water, exhaust gas in the process of construction. Of course the influence of construction is provisional, but the decrease of water between the dam and workshop in the river which because of construction can influence the lower reaches of a river far-reaching and long-term. River is one of the important consititutes of eco-environment, it is mecessary to consume some water for protecting the eco-environment of river, such as silt and sand transportation, pollution dilution and aquatic creature protection. Environmental flows is the quantity of water which is necessary for satisfying the object of eco- environment water consumption under the specific zone and geographical condition. Therefore we should study the ecological water requirement, consider the loading ability of water resource,probing into water resource's reasonable exploitation degree and configuration. And people's activity must be controlled to concern the loading ability of ecosystem, resource and ecvironment. This work should be done without delay and it has atttacted the domestic and international common focus.This discourse will extend my research base on the exploitation of small watersheds water resource in West China, and focus on the exploitation of power station in small watersheds. As the example, the problem of water resource exploitation in Min Jiang River will be analyzed firstly. Secondly, th theory research and application of necessaries water of watersheds water resource will be analyzed, and as an example, the Za Gunao watersheds' water requirement will be accounted which can provide the basic of small watersheds water resource's reasonable using.