A Study On GIS - Based Hazard Assessment About Landslide Of Qingxing Highway In Guizhou Province

With the strategy of western development of china being carried out, highway construction is rapidly developing in Guizhou Province in recent years. Qingxing highway is located in mountainous areas of Guizhou Province, which is in the design and construction phase at present, geological conditions are complex along the highway, so there maybe happen landslide hazards. Landslide hazard assessment is the basis for disaster management and prevention, landslide hazard assessment is a complex process with more information which comes from many sources, in the process, more quantity and complex data will be analyzed, GIS with strong spatial analysis function and managing spatial data function. Landslide hazard assessment is based on GIS in this paper, it has important practical engineering significance for maintaining highway operation, protecting life and property along Qingxing highway, preventing landslide disaster.Taking the landslide hazard along Qingxing highway as research object, using the spatial analysts of GIS, this paper assessed the landslide hazards. Analyzed assessment results, obtained landslide hazard areas with different risk levels of distribution along Qingxing highway, it can be used in Qingxing highway design and construction phases and future operational phase for providing the basis for landslide prevention. There are the following achievements in this paper:(1) Collected the relevant data and sorted field investigations about Qingxing highway, analyzed geographic and geological environment conditions along Qingxing highway, and summarized the features of existed landslide hazard and a landslide hazard database system about Qingxing highway was established by GIS.(2) According to the characteristics of highway's landslide, the right index system for landslide hazard evaluation along Qingxing highway has been established, the evaluation index's weight was calculated by the Analytic Hierarchy Process.(3) Landslide hazard rank of Qingxing highway is divided four ranks: almost no risk, mild risk, moderate risk and severe risk, and the proportion of total area which each risk rank has distribution area is: 21.75%, 61.58%, 14.55%, 2.12%. A map was drawn to show the different landslide hazard risk rank along Qingxing highway.(4) For design and construction phases and future operational phase, the paper puts forward the corresponding measures to control landslide hazard along moderate risk and severe risk Qingxing highway.