The Landscape Heterogeneity Study Of The Sanjiang Plain Vegetation

This thesis is based on the vegetation landscape in the Sanjiang Plain as the research object, combining the basic theory of landscape ecology and research methods, the use of RS and GIS technology, first determine the Sanjiang Plain vegetation landscape types for forest, scrub, meadow, marsh, water, agricultural land, no land for seven major types of vegetation, the establishment of the Sanjiang Plain vegetation landscape classification system and the characteristics of each analysis; Second, in determining the basic types of vegetation on the landscape, combined with GPS positioning many field survey data at the landscape level and landscape types the level of landscape heterogeneity on selected index, and then after Fragstats software calculate various types of landscape indices, respectively, obtained seven different landscape types plaque plaque area, patch density, edge density, fractal dimension, landscape diversity index, patch shape index, landscape richness index, landscape evenness index and other indicators, an analysis of the use of these indices in the Sanjiang Plain vegetation landscape heterogeneity. from the space components of the heterogeneity analysis:Sanjiang Plain farmland landscape changes are most obvious increase in the number of plaques, the overall upward trend in the area, farmland plaque more prominent merger situation; the largest circumference of plaque, plaque long trend of changes in plaque area and the basic trend. Plaque quantity waters at least, the waters of the largest plaque area in the entire study period changed little, while the average number of plaque area and plaque were significantly anti-correlated. from the space structure of the heterogeneity of analysis:the study area landscape shape index and fractal dimension index showed an upward trend, the entire study area tend to irregular shape, the shape complexity increased anthropogenic interference with the trend of slackening. And patch density reflects the degree of landscape fragmentation and landscape spatial heterogeneity level, the greater patch density, the greater the degree of fragmentation, the degree of spatial heterogeneity is also greater. At 7 landscape types to non-vegetation land the highest patch density, non-vegetation land status to the smaller plaques appeared, and its small and scattered patches, high landscape heterogeneity, which also shows that the waters of large plaques and concentrated. From here we can see the landscape in the Sanjiang Plain tend to be more fragmentation, spatial heterogeneity increased. the use of Markov model to transform the landscape in the Sanjiang Plain vegetation analysis:can be seen in the Sanjiang Plain vegetation landscape heterogeneity was due to increased edge landscape:forest, meadow, shrub constantly caused fragmentation. Because of the impact of human activities increase, a variety of substrate constant landscape fragmentation, patch shape becomes more irregular. A large number of other landscape components at constant to the transfer of agricultural land, the farmland landscape components have been transferred to non-agricultural land, especially to the residents, the conversion of wetlands. In fact, both the input and output are precisely interrelated.In this study, the relevant department for macro-decision-making and provide a basis for planning and management, and local vegetation restoration and protection strategy proposed significant ecological and social benefits.