| Using the landscape ecology principle and methods on the basis of GIS and mathematics, we analyzed mountain landscape spatial pattern and landscape heterogeneity of QiLian Mountains (eastern section). The aim of study is reveal the spatial structure and the changes of landscape heterogeneity. For the eastern section of QiLian mountain landscape management and landscape planning to provide a scientific basis。The result of study show:The landscape elements of the landscape system in the eastern section of QiLian mountain that mainly is grassland, and the forest and bush landscape elements large-scale distribution in it;Snow and ice landscape element and water was scattered in the mountain landscape by relatively small area, the water element which runs through the various landscape elements,The results show that, the study area, QiLian Mountain(eastern section) is high heterogeneous region and number of the high heterogeneous is moving. The different landscape elements show the different diversity in landscape structure and the different landscape diversity and landscape heterogeneity in path structure. First of all, we analysis the patch spatial structure and types in every landscape, and the result show that:(1)In the number of patches:different landscape element have different number of patch, but in all landscape elements, the patch type ,with an area<1hm2,that number of the proportion in all patch number is up to the largest in landscapes; In the patch number of mountain landscape, the grassland landscape element which patch number have the largest proportion; Followed by the high patch proportion is forest landscape element and the patch number at least a few is bush landscape element。(2)Changes in patch area:In QiLian mountain landscape system,the average area of ice and snow patch area in general is increasing. Different sizes patches have different changes in the average area. In which, the largest growth rate is that patch area <1hm2;The patch of 1-10 hm2 is reduced the most at rate 7.21 percent. The total bush patch average area increase but the change of various patch in average area is different. The total grass average area grows and the change of various patches in average area is dissimilar. The average area of patch from 10 hm2 to 100hm2 is in the largest growth rate of 39.63%; the patch more than 1000hm2 is reduced with the max rate of 70.31%. The average forest patch area decreased, the patch more than 1000hm2 is reduced the maximum in average patch area at rate of 100.00%. In total water average patch area there is a increasing trend. In the change of average area, the patch within 100-1000hm2 has the largest growth rate of 47.26%; The patch within 10-100hm2 is reduced at the maximum rate of 12.15%.(3)Change in landscape diversity:From 1994 to 2008, in QiLian mountain landscape system, the diversity of landscape spatial structure showing a decreasing trend; Grassland landscape element in which the advantage of the highest; In diversity index, the number of forest is the largest. Snow and ice landscape element is the smallest element in landscape diversity index;The biggest change in the diversity index is the grassland landscape element, the rate of increasing is 49; The change of rate of landscape diversity is the most obvious which element is water landscape element,the rate of decreasing is 1.9%(.4)Landscape fragmentation analysis : Mountain landscape system's landscape fragmentation, from 1994 to 2008, decreased 22.3%,Mountain landscape which landscape heterogeneity is reduce .(5)Landscape separation analysis show :The landscape separation of mountain landscape system is decreased by 26.16%; Mountain landscape of patch together to strengthen, and landscape diversity is dropping. Integrated Mountain landscape patch structure and the diversity of patch spatial distribution, landscape fragmentation which show that: From 1994 to 2008, Mountain landscape systems that landscape heterogeneity reduce in the 14 years.
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