Techniques And Application Of Questionnaire Of The Study On Earthquake Disaster Vulnerability At The Family Level

Recent years, study on vulnerability is recognized as the central and fundamental role to disaster research. The previous study on the earthquake disaster vulnerability is in the view of earthquake resistant engineering, and simple or group of structures are chosen for analyses of seismic behavior, the quantitative assessment on vulnerability and correlative possibility of casualty. However, it could not reach the aim at finding out the origin and mechanism of disaster vulnerability in the human social economic system. The Further research about small spatial scales or small hazard bearing bodies systems is needed. The research method and the empirical study of seismic disaster vulnerability to rural families in earthquake-hit regions are discussed by the way of questionnaire survey, field investigation and documentary analysis. The thesis chooses the rural families of the earthquake-hit region of the Ninger Ms6.4 earthquake on June 3, 2007 as a study case. The conclusions of this thesis are summarized below:1. Description and influential factors of seismic disaster vulnerability to rural familiesThe seismic disaster vulnerability to rural families means that when an area is striked by destructive earthquake, how much the possibility of destruction and loss will be, what the size of potential destruction and loss will be, and the resume ability after the destruction,And it is the inherent attributes of families.There are many influent factors of disaster vulnerability to family, such as the basic material conditions, education level, characeristics and status of family economy, knowledge and skills related to earthquake of family members. The disaster vulnerability to family is the results of the comprehensive functions by these factor.2. The research method of seismic disaster vulnerability to rural family Based on the characteristics of seismic disaster and families in rural area andpractical stuation, the article considers that questionnaire and investigation are feasible methods to this research. The steps of these methods are:①Designment for questionnaires- five measuring scales (five topics) are designed to measure the families seismic disaster vulnerability. Mastering of seismic disaster knowledge in family members, Awareness of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters and skill levels,Situation of families after-disaster reconstruction, Ability of families self-aid and mutual aid, Information transmission.②Determination specimen quantity-specimen quantity of research region, according to the sampling statistics and research area situation;③Questionnaire and investigation-questionnaire and investigation in rural families of the disaster area;④Numberical questionnaire-every option of choice questions is evaluted according to the pluses and minuses of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters and reduction vulnerability. The total score is calculated out of every five topics in each questionnaire, and then the score of five topics is added to a synthetic score;⑤Basical statistic analysis and reliability and validity analysis-this paper analysesd the overall characteristics of the families which were investigated, then verified the reliability of the questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire answers.3. The characteristics of seismic disaster vulnerability to Ninger rural areaDuring 20-day investigation in earthquake-hit region, 320 copies of questionnaires were distrubuted in Ninger rural area. 316 copies were returned and 314 are valid. Using numberical value and data mining analysis, the research methods above can obtain data and information about family scale hazard bearing bodies.The main charateristics of seismic disaster vulnerability to research area rural families are given below:(1) Integrally, the seismic disaster vulnerability to research area rural families is high. The score of investigated families is low. 85% of families' score is below the half of ideal score.(2) The mastery of earthquake knowledge in the research area rural families and awareness of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters are a little better. But it is not taken advantages in protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters practice.(3) Comparison of the most vulnerability to the least shows: ①Family basic condition is the main effect factor of the synthetic score of family vulnerability;②Awareness and technology of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters are the main differentiators between high score and low score families;③Ability of applying knowledge of high score families in protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters and families after-disaster reconstruction is stronger than that of low score families.④Ability in five measuring aspects of high score families is on average, so these families' vulnerability is low.(4) Regional distribution is one of the characteristics of seismic disaster vulnerability to rural families: the lower vulnerability villeges are distributed in the areas which have good economic conditions,transportation and communication.(5) Impact factors on the size of seismic disaster vulnerability to rural families are the knowledge of the family,economic level and housing conditions.(6) The five topics (seismic disaster knowledge in family members, Awareness of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters and skill levels, Situation of families after-disaster reconstruction, Ability of families self-aid and mutual aid, information transmission)of seismic disaster vulnerability to the research area rural families have their own charactoristics respectively.