The Searle's Theory Of Intentionality And The Future Of Artificial Intelligence

As a discipline,Artificial Intelligence(AI) was born in the 1950s and in the later short span of 20 years it had a rapid development and amazing achievement.Then the further development of Artificial Intelligence met unprecedented difficulty and caused a lot of controversy.Can machines think? Can Artificial Intelligence have a real sense of intelligence? Many philosophers and scientists had prosecuted a profound theoretical inquiry and engineering practice into these problems,however it still remained controversial.In recent years,concept on AI was divided into two kinds by some philosophers,strong Artificial Intelligence(strong AI) and weak Artificial Intelligence (weak AI).As the representative of strong AI and weak AI,Alan Turing and Searle put forward two distinct standards of AI respectively.In accordance of simulation game, Turing considered that machine can think as long as it passed the text.Capability of think is equated with intelligence.However,Searle believed that intentionality should be the standard of intelligence.The intentionality is the most aspect of Philosophical questions about Artificial Intelligence.The reason is that intentionality is the prerequisite which making Artificial Intelligence to a real sense of intelligence.Searle believed that intentionality is a natural or biological phenomenon,and it is a part of natural life history.So,he named his theory "biological naturalism".It is not the sufficient conditions to create Artificial brain that only making sure correct input-and-output.But the imitation the process of consciousness must be based on intentionality.Therefore,analyzing intentionality is the key to create a human intelligence.Searle considered the intentionality can be divided into two kinds:the inherent intentionality and the derived intentionality.Human has the inherent intentionality,and the other un-human system only possesses the derived intentionality.The intentionality is the production of natural evolution.Even though some machine can present a intentionality,in Searle's oppion,it is only derived intentionality or metaphor intentionality.From the above we can see,in order to pressing ahead the development of Artificial Intelligence to the standard of real intelligence,we must know how the intentionality originated,and make explicit the essential quality and of the conditions of intentionality.