| Short-term transportation is the most commonly used means in moving and relocating laboratory animals.However nowadays few study has been conducted on the influence of stress on laboratory animal due to short-term transportation and few intervention methods have been introduced to reduce the stress.This study is aimed to explore the establishment of a technical evaluation index system on the stress due to short-term transportation;to identify the lengthen of acclimatization laboratory animals needed following transportation;to study intervention measures to relief stress;and to explore a preliminary system on the influence of stress to laboratory rats and mice due to short-term transportation.PART ONE Study on the influence of stress on laboratory rats due to short-term transportation[Objective]To study the possible influence of short-term transportation on laboratory rodents,to establish a technical index system to evaluate the influence of the stress on laboratory rodents.[Methods]To assign Wistar rats into 8 groups,including 3 groups experiencing different transportation time(0.5hr,1hr and 1.5hr),4 groups all experiencing 1.5hr of transportation time but were given different period of acclimatization(24hr,48hr,72h and 96hr) after end of transportation,and 1 group as control group(normal laboratory raising,not experiencing transportation).Main indexes of metabolism,neuroendocrine and immunity were tested.All the indexes of rats experiencing transportation were compared with those of the control group to analyze the impact of short-term transportation on laboratory rats.[Results]Wistar rats experienced short-term transportation saw sharp decrease in weight,the longer the transportation time,the higher the rate of weight loss.Weight increase rate rose sharply right after stop of transportation and this high weight increase rate lasted until 72hr after end of transportation.Of the 72hr,the first 24hr saw most sharp increase rate.GLU of rats increased both at the moment of 0.5hr and the moment of 1hr during transportation,while decreased at the time of 1.5hr during transportation. GLU increased again at the moment of 24hr after stop of transportation.After that, GLU had no significant difference as compared with those of control group.Serum CORT also increased both at the moment of 0.5hr and the moment of 1hr during transportation,while decreased at the moment of 1.5hr during transportation,but resumed to normal 24hr after stop of transportation,after 24hr no significant different in serum CORT was found as compared with that of the control group.Serumβ-EP saw decrease at all three different time(0.5hr,1hr and 1.5hr) of transportation as well as 24hr after transportation,until at the time of 48hr index of Serumβ-EP started to resume to normal.Total WBC in peripheral blood at all three different time(0.5hr,1hr and 1.5hr) of transportation decreased sharply,decreased by 40%,though increased within 48hr after end of transportation total WBC in peripheral blood still lower than normal,until 72hr after transportation the parameter started to resume to normal. IgG,IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-1 in serum had no significant change at time of transportation, but decreased sharply between the moment of end transportation and 48hr after transportation,until at the moment of 72hr after transportation these parameters started to resume to normal.The expression of hsp72mRNA in liver increased significantly at all three different time(0.5hr,1hr and 1.5hr) of transportation,the longer the transportation time,the higher the expression of hsp72mRNA in liver,and resumed quickly within 72hr after end of transportation.[Conclusion]Short-term transportation imposed negative impact on metabolism,neuroendocrine and immunity of laboratory rats.Laboratory rats experienced short-term transportation(1.5hr) needed at least 72hr of acclimatization after end of transportation.Parameters of total WBC in peripheral blood,GLU,CORT,β-EP,IgG,IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-1 in serum can be used as indexes to evaluate stress due to short-term transportation.The expression of hsp72mRNA is beneficial to discover the mechanism of molecular biology in the stress due to short-term transportation.PART TWO Evaluation study on the stress to laboratory mice due to short-term transportation[Objective]To evaluate the stress to inbred strain mice and outbred stock mice due to short-term transportation.[Methods]BALB/c mice and ICR mice were transported for 1.5hr and then taken back to laboratory.Parameters of metabolism, neuroendocrine and immunity at the moment of arrival and at different acclimatization moments(24hr,48hr,72hr respectively after end of transportation) were tested.All the parameters were compared with those of control group(normal laboratory raising,not experiencing transportation) to study and analyze the impact of stress to laboratory mice with different genetic background.[Results]Parameters of GLU and CORT andβ-EP in serum of BALB/c mice and ICR mice all decreased in rate at the moment of stop transportation.Serum CORT resumed to normal within 24hr after arrival,whileβ-EP in serum and GLU resumed to normal within 48hr after arriving at destination.Total WBC in peripheral blood of both BALB/c mice and ICR mice saw decrease at the moment of stop transportation.To BALB/c mice,total WBC in peripheral blood decreased by 74%,until 72hr started to resume to normal, while to ICR mice,total WBC in peripheral blood decreased by 55%,and resumed to normal 48hr after end of transportation.Serum IL-2 of both BALB/c mice and ICR mice also decreased at the end of transportation,decrease rate was 43%and 45% respectively.IL-2 in serum of BALB/c mice resumed to normal at the moment of 48hr after end of transportation,while IL-2 in serum of ICR mice did not recover to normal until the moment of 72hr after end of transportation.[Conclusion] Short-term transportation had negative impact on metabolism,neuroendocrine and immunity of laboratory mice with different genetic background.Among which, impact on immunity was quite significant.Laboratory mice experienced short-term transportation(within 1.5hr) needed at least 72hr of acclimatization after arriving at destination.Total WBC in peripheral blood,GLU,CORT,β-EP,IL-2 in serum could be used as key indexes to evaluate stress to laboratory mice due to short-term transportation.PART THREE Study on nutrition intervention to the stress of laboratory mice due to short-term transportation[Objective]To research and prescribe jelly-shaped nutrition supplements,and to evaluate their affect on the reduction of stress caused by short-term transportation.[Methods]To divide BALB/c mice into nutrition intervention group and non nutrition intervention group and to test changes on major parameters of metabolism, neuroendocrine and immunity at the moment of arriving at laboratory after 1.5hr of transportation as well as those at the moment of 24h,48hr and 72hr after end of transport respectively.All these parameters were used to compare with those of control group(normal laboratory raising,not experiencing transportation).Analysis was made to the result of intervention by jelly-shaped nutrition supplements.[Results]β-EP,IL-2 in serum and GLU of nutrition intervention group resumed to normal within 24hr after end of transportation.Total WBC in peripheral blood resumed to normal within 48hr after end of transportation.While to the non nutrition intervention group,β-EP,IL-2 in serum and GLU resumed to normal within 48hr after arriving at destination,and their total WBC in peripheral blood resumed to normal within 72hr after end of transportation.Serum CORT of both groups resumed to normal within 24hr after end of transportation.[Conclusion] Jelly-shaped nutrition supplements were able to reduce negative impact on metabolism and immunity of the animals experienced short-term transportation,and were able to help shorten acclimatization period.Therefore these nutrition supplement were effective in reduce stress caused by short-term transportation.
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