Study On Species Diversity Of Butterflies In Jiamusi Area

The faunal composition of butterflies in different habitat types in the Jiamusi area of Heilongjiang Province,was surveyed from May 2007 to October 2007.Five habitat types were classified based on terrain,altitude,climate and vegetation differences: the Sifeng Mountain scenery area(Lower elevations of mountain),the Daliangzi River forestry centre(Primeval forests protection areas ),the Gejin River forestry centre(Second-browth forest tree),three rivers national level nature reserves(Wetland) and Heping agricultural demonstration zone(Plain).The vegetation is preserved better,and plant category is more and representative in these sample plots. Of the total collection of 2,312 specimens,120 species of 71 genera in seven families were identified. Most species belong in Nymphalidae and very few species belong in Parmassiidae.Species richness,species composition similarity (Jaccard index) and species diversity index (Shannon-Wiener index,H′) were calculated for the five habitat types. The species richness increased in the following sequence: Plain (42 spp.), Wetland (49 spp.), Lower elevations of mountain (50 spp.),second-browth forest tree (89 spp.),Primeval forests protection areas(103 spp.). In contrast,the species diversity increased in a different sequence: Plain (H′=4.43),Wetland (H′=4.67),Lower elevations of mountain (H′=4.84),second-browth forest tree (H′=5.77)and Primeval forests protection areas (H′=5.88). The butterfly species composition between Lower elevations of mountain and Plain has the highest similarity (Jaccard index = 0.71),with the second highest similarity between Lower elevations of mountain and Wetland (Jaccard index = 0.70),and the lowest similarity between Primeval forests protection areas and Plain(Jaccard index = 0.55).The butterflies have obvious territories and stable preponderant species distributions. The species diversity index is higher in the Daliangzi River forestry centre than the other areas. This article indicates that the diversity of vegetation resource has relationship with the diversity of butterfly.