| Based on widely investigation of the condition of social-economic and natural environment in Ranjiagou watershed, depend on the topographic map in proportion 1: 10000, the land utilizationmap of 1999 and 2007, the reference of soil and vegetation, the vegetation landscape patch mosaic map was drawn practically in 2007 and DEM was made. The landscape pattern, distribution of vegetation with the topographic Variation were analyzed completely, supported by GIS, based the above study, we have made the landscape ecological planning and design, the main results were as following:1 ) Because of implementing Conversion of Cropland to Forest and Grassland in 1999 and biologic measures applying in soil and water conservation in 2003, the cropland were dramatically decreased from 1999 to 2007, mainly transformed into new plantation, artificial grassland and part of young plantation, proportion of forest and grazing in agriculture-forest-stockibreeding are increased.2) Applying 7 landscape indexes revealed the change characteristics and law of landscape pattern in Ranjiagou watershed under the comprehensive treatment policy, the change of land utilization is significant, diversity index and landscape dominance index are both increased, total number of patch decreased dramatically , distribution of landscape type tended to concentrate, landscape structure tended to be simplified.3) The elevation scale is relatively low. Cropland occupied the most area in elevation from 750 to 850 meters and has the largest percent; the land type that possesses the second area percent is Robinia pseudoacacia forest. In 850-950 meters region, natural forest have relatively small areas, by contraries another land type formed by human activity occupied the most areas in this region; the area percent of natural shrubs is as much as natural grassland. The main vegetation type in elevation 950-1050 meters are natural shrubs, grassland and forest. Vegetation types are decreased in 1150- 1130 meters region, Robinia pseudoacacia forest is the main vegetation type possessing 25% of total area in this region; Lespedeza bicolor Turcz., Indigofera Amblyatha shrubs took high proportion of the total area; Artem isia gm elinii took 15% of the total area.4) Cropland concentrated in region that under 25 degrees; Robinia pseudoacacia which has the largest areas in all forest distributed in region of 15 degree to 35 degree; though Populus davidiana, Platycladus orientalis widely distributed, the area of these two type forest occupied small proportion, which also distributed in unused land area; Lespedeza bicolor Turcz., Indigofera Amblyatha shrubs concentrated in 25 degree region; the more steep slope region are mainly distributed by Artem isia gm elinii5) Though Robinia pseudoacacia, Platycladus orientalis have large growth scale, the most area are distributed in shade and semi-shade hillside; Populus davidiana nearly all grow in this region. Distribution of natural shrubs is complex, Lespedeza bicolor Turcz most area concentrated in semi-shade hillside, by contrast Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa have the largest area in sunny slope. Spodiopogon sibiricus have extensive growth scale from flat to semi-shady slope which adjacent by Artem isia gm elinii that distributed from semi-shade to sunny slope. Natural grassland, such as Artemisia argyi Levl. Et Vant.-Artemisia japonica Thunb. also concentrated in flat; cropland scattered all directions, most distributed in semi-sunny slope.6) In mild soil erosion region, cropland composed 20% of total area, forest 15%, shrubs and grassland nearly took 50% of the total area and were major vegetation landscape in this region. About 80% of areas are moderate soil erosion in which cropland took up 10%, forest 20%, shrub 35%. Forest-cropland-shrubs-natural grassland are composed the landscape structure in this region which also represented the landscape pattern in Ranjiagou watershed. Tension soil erosion region is the region in which cropland nearly all concentrated, occupied 43% of total area. Because implementing Conversion of Cropland to Forest and Grassland and biologic measures applying in soil and water conservation, some cropland transformed into artificial grassland, young plantation and new plantation. Extreme intensity soil erosion region located in gully bottom of major gully, some natural secondary forest and shrubs concentrated in this region.7) Based on the analysis results of previous paper, landscape ecological planning and designing were put forwarded by applying GIS. The results show that topographical features and soil are the two main factors influencing the land ecological type, the 33 land ecological cells in Ranjiagou were divided into 7 different land ecological types by highlighted restrictive factors and the accessibility of human activity in practice. Finally on the base of results of linear programming model making the ecological plan for the village, according these results, agricultural land is basically reasonable; forest land, especially the area of eco-protection forest is lower than the optimized forest area. The proportion of economic forest and grazing grassland are very unreasonable, possess only 0.34% and 1.49% of total area.
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