Polymorphism Of Mitochondrial DNA In Tajik People And Kirgiz People In Xinjiang China

China Located at the central Asia ,there settled many ethnic groups. Research on genetic structure is not only contributing to our understanding of the genetic polymorphism of the Chinese ethnic groups, but also help us to understand the relationship among these ethnic groups.The Chinese of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomy Region are considered to be a laboratory resource for population genetics research. There are Uygur, Sibe, Ozbek, Kirgiz and Kazak and so on, about thirteen ethnic groups living in Xinjiang region and Uygur ,Ozbek, Kirgiz and Kazak are the unique ethnic groups in China .These 5 ethnic groups are isolated relatively and the origins of these groups are unclear .The genetic data of special gene in these groups, genotype and gene frequencies are very poor. As result, it is a great disadvantage to research Chinese population origins, gene diversity, forensic Human identification and special disease of these populations. Therefore it is very necessary to study the genetic structure and genetic variety of the minorities.To analyze the genetic polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) in the ethnic groups of Tajik and Kirgiz people living in Xinjiang. the result was used to compare the relation with Chinese minority and other populations in Asia and in the world. By analyzing the sequence of the major noncoding (D-loop) region of human mtDNA from Tajik and Kirgiz nationality in Xinjiang, the population was made up of (include 34 Tajik and 30 Kirgiz nationality persons). The sequence was observed from nt15996 to nt16401 and by the PCR enlargement and sequence analyzing, and the whole sequence length was 400bp. The result was compared with the Cambridge Reference Sequence in order to analyze the genotypes. We also calculated the interpopulational (dxy), intrapopulational (dx or dy) and net nucleotide diversity (dA) between two populations in Xinjiang according to genotypes, the Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree was built to analyze the relationship of genetic and origin among the different nationalities and populations. Furthermore, the intergenic COII/tRNAlys9-bp deletion was observed in very population of two nationalities with varying frequencies, and the result was compared with others.50 polymorphic sites and 22 haplotypes were identified in the nucleotides for HV-I in 34 Tajik populations, comparing with the reference sequence .The genetic diversity was calculated to be 0.9822, and the genetic identity was 0.0466. 39 polymorphic sites and 26 haplotypes were identified in the nucleotides for HV-I in 30 Kirgiz populations, comparing with the reference sequence .The genetic diversity was calculated to be 0.9910, and the genetic identity was 0.0327 .Data analysis was following the software dnaSP: The Fst that based on the haplotype data was calculated and built a polygene tree by software Mega 3.0.we found the closer relation between Tajik in Xinjiang China and Caucasoid,Kirgiz in Xinjiang and Ewenki from Inner Mongolia. The frequency of 9 bp deletion in mtDNA of the ethnic groups in Tajik is 1.43%and in Kirgiz is 2.86%.Research shows that it may have the same origins between Caucasoid and the Tajik in China, The frequencies of 9 bp deletion in mtDNA in those two ethnic groups in Xinjiang are relatively low,but they are different from those in other people. 3 ethnic groups belongs to the Altai Language family is closer to the Indio-European Language family in patrilineal lineage genetic structure .These 4 ethnic groups carried a similar haplotype distribution. It was proved by linguistic, history and archeology.