The Study Of Time Budgeting Of Ardeidae Birds In Breeding Season

In order to study the difference between ardeidae birds in the breeding season of behavior time budget and the activity rhythm, from April to June 2007,we researched in scanning sampling method in Henan Province Queshan County Shigunhe township Liulou Village, four kind of ardeidae birds' breeding season behavior activity time budget, the result has been showed as follows:The ardeola bacchus, egretta garzetta and bubulcus ibis awakens at 5:00~5:10 in the morning, leaves the nidifies at 5:07~5:14, awakening to leaving only pauses very short time, after waking, flies from nidifies starts to activity . Evening flies back nidifies at time of 18:30~19:30, there have about 1 hour's active time, in this time, mainly activity carries on are feather nursing, patching the bird nest, flying between the branch and the forest, seeking for the appropriate branch which can rest at night. The nycticorax nycticorax is the nocturnal habit birds, in the breeding season, the active time at night alters to entire day activity, also carries on food in daytime, hatching breeding activities and constructs the bird nest., the morning and evening is its active peak. There are great illumination deviation between ardeola bacchus, egretta garzetta and bubulcus ibis active time .Four kind of ardeidae birds of each behavior activity time budget in nidifies findings to indicate that they common characteristic is: Calmly rest behavior (46.49%) and the breeding behavior (40.55%) spends the most time, shows in the breeding season, these four kind of ardeidae birds in nidify besides meet own needs, is mainly for the breeding activity, constructs the bird nest, the hatching fledgling, this is the reproductive physiology control result. The movement and the oral administration respectively account for 5.58% and 1.75%. The behavior budget of action research indicated that in nidifies the movement and the oral administration has close relation, the movement behavior is in order to seeking for food and the breed baby birds, this two behavior has the close connection, after having met own needs, the ardeidae birds'major activity is to reproduce and nurture the descendant. Daytime in nidifies the movement behavior is mainly looks for food and to jump between the branch that seeking for own nest, perhaps was went to look for food again.Nursing behavior and other behavior's ratio occupies most little, just 2.43% and 0.19% in average. This indicated that four kind of ardeidae birds in the time budget, besides meet own needs and nurture the descendant, very few spends the energy to engage in the irrelevant activity, the time distribution to the behavior which most needs, is advantageous in survives under the natural environment choice and continues the population, this is conforms to the Verbeek research conclusion.Indicated to these four kind of ardeidae birds behavior time budget inter-species difference comparison research: the behavior of four kind of ardeidae birds calmly rest and the breeding behavior have the extremely remarkable difference, the movement behavior and the nursing behavior have the remarkable difference, but the oral administration and other behavior difference are not obvious. The ardeola bacchus calmly rest to be short obviously in other three kind of ardeidae birds, but breeding behavior frequency to be bigger than other three kind of ardeidae birds, other three kinds of Ardeidae birds calmly rest and breeding behavior difference are not remarkable, the ardeola bacchus and bubulcus ibis 's movement behavior difference is most remarkable, other two ardeidae birds are quite close, the nursing behavior of egretta garzetta and nycticorax nycticorax time distribution is quite close, but the difference between nycticorax nycticorax and ardeola bacchus's is remarkable. Four kind of ardeidae birds mix the group nidification, has certain ecology position overlap phenomenon, but their interspecies relationship has also had certain differentiation, differs from the behavior time distribution. This is the species of survival adaptation which obtains in the evolution process, hold different ecology position avoids between each other's steep competition.Four kind of ardeidae birds' main behavior budget of action comparison findings indicated that the ardeola bacchus, egretta garzetta and bubulcus ibis 's day time budget of action is closer, the egretta garzetta and the bubulcus ibis calmly rest in the behavior time distribution are afternoon more than the morning, time interval to rise is starts in the morning at 11:00~12:00, the peak appears separately in 15:00 and 17:00, ardeola bacchus 's rising time is 13:00~14:00, does not have the obvious peak. The egretta garzetta and bBubulcus ibis 's breeding behavior's time distribution and calmly rest behavior time to be just opposite, morning's assignment's time is more than afternoon, it is presents a small peak and then drops after 12:00. Ardeola bacchus 's breeding behavior is also the time which the morning assigns is higher than afternoon, at 14:00 time has the trough time. Because before the 16:00 of afternoon and the noon, temperature is quite high, the ardeidae birds reduce activity and bodily quantity of heat the production to resist the intense summer heat, simultaneously also reduces lies in the nest, turns bird egg frequently for cool, maintains the bird nest and the bird eggs in certain temperature. The temperature is low in the morning, it's suits for activity and lies in the nest for hatching, the temperature is high in the afternoon, then flowered more time rest.The behavior budget between ardeola bacchus, egretta garzetta and bubulcus ibi 's movement is quite close, the difference in the ardeola bacchus and egretta garzetta 's movement behavior is that the trough time in the morning is 9:00~11:00, but the bubulcus ibis is between 13:00~15:00, ardeola bacchus 's movement behavior peak is obvious in morning. Oral administration and movement behavior are consistent. The nursing behavior is also close between the ardeola bacchus and bubulcus ibis, morning's behavior time distribution is quite even, increases at 16:00. But the egretta garzetta has a peak between 8:00~11:00 in the morning, egretta garzetta's nursing behavior increases after afternoon 17:00.Nycticorax nycticorax's behavior budget of action is obvious different with other three kind of ardeidae birds characteristic: Calmly rest behavior frequency is higher in the morning than afternoon, at 12:00 is the trough time, the breeding behavior is equal distribution in the daytime, has not presented the obvious peak, only movement behavior is quite close to the bubulcus ibis, it's will be quite high before 8:00 and late 17:00. The oral administration behavior's distribution in daytime is quite close to egretta garzetta, before 9:00 were more than others time. As a kind of nocturnal habit animal. Nycticorax nycticorax also carries on activity in the daytime on the breeding season, but its activity peak time appear at evening.