Study On The Behavior Rhythm And Time Budget Of Two Ungulates In Tianshan Wildlife Park,Xinjiang

With the increasing demand for animal watching,the emergence of wildlife parks is just to meet people's needs,which not only provides the opportunity to watch,but also allows visitors to get close to and learn.At the same time,human-induced disturbance is also happening.The research on human-induced disturbance is of great significance to improve the visiting experience and conservation education in wildlife parks.In this paper,the activity rhythm and time allocation of Ovis ammon and Cervus elaphus were studied by means of instance and scan sampling in Tianshan Wildlife Park.The mainresults show:(1)The free ranged Argali in different regions have similar behavior patterns,but some behaviors are different.Among them,the activity rhythm of Argali in desert areas is mainly feeding,accounting for about 35%,and the highest percentage of rest time in high mountains.36%.There was no significant correlation between the five behaviors of Argali in the desert area and human interference(P>0.05).There is a very significant positive correlation between the resting behavior of Argali in high mountain areas and the number of tourists(P<0.01),and a significant positive correlation with the number of vehicles and vehicle stays(P<0.05).There is a significant negative correlation between the behavior of travel and the number of tourists and vehicles(P<0.01).The above results show that although human interference has a limited impact on Argali activity rhythm,it does affect time allocation,and the number of tourists does not match the Argali activity rhythm,which seriously affects the viewing experience of tourists.(2)The peak of activity rhythm of male red deer was not obvious in winter,and the females showed obvious alternating patterns,and the male and female activities were similar in spring.Feeding and resting are the main behaviors.The average percentage of female time in winter is 28%and 37%;the average percentage of male time is 33%and 17%;the average time percentage in spring is 5%and 61%;69%.According to the chi-square test analysis,there was a significant difference in feeding between the male and female red deer during the winter time period of 14:00-15:00 and 15:00-16:00(P<0.05).At 14:00-15:00,there were extremely significant differences in rest,movement,and alert behaviors(P<0.01).There were significant differences in rest and other behaviors between male and female red deer during the time period of 13:00-14:00 and 14:00-15:00 in spring(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in rest between 17:00 and 18:00(P<0.01).The research results show that there are obvious seasonal changes between the red deer's gender.We believe that food resources,climatic conditions,and human disturbance determine the daily activity rhythm and seasonal changes of the red deer.Among them,climatic conditions and human disturbance are the main factors.