Extraction And Analysis Of River Lake Wetland Information Based On Remote Sensing And GIS

This thesis is about the current investigation and vicissitude monitoring of the rivers, lakes and wetland in the mid and downstream of Ruilijiang-Dayingjiang area in Yunnan province of boundary China, using the TM data of 1988 and the ETM+ data of 2000 as the remote sensing information sources and the remote sensing interpretation combining with wild field investigation as technical method.Based on the available information of rivers, lakes and wetland of the studying area, the information of the remote sensing image was obtained through pre-process of remote sensing data. Meantime, according to the spectral characteristics of typical land subjects in the remote sensing image, spectral characteristics of water and vegetation on the remote sensing image were also analyzed using the data from wild field survey, topographic maps information and other graphics information. The remote sensing image was also enhanced processing, the best combination of band of abstracting the rivers, lakes and wetland was identified, the remote sensing interpretation signs of the rivers, lakes and wetland were established, the information of target subject was abstracted combined with wild field data. By using GIS technology, the human-machine interactive interpretation of the rivers, lakes and wetland was realized; the corresponding space database and the attribution database were established, the distribution map was also drawn. In accordance with the"national wetland resources survey and monitoring technology point of order", combining with the wild real investigation, the classification of the rivers, lakes and wetland was carried out. Arc Hydro hydrological data mode was also employed to divide the water drainage area of the studying area, and to explore the rules of time and space distribution and the developing trend according to the information of the classification, area, distribution, vicissitude of the rivers, lakes and wetland divided by the drainage area. This information can be used as the basic data to analyze the current ecosystem condition of the rivers, lakes and wetland and the economic development plan of boundary China.Based on the remote sensing investigation of the rivers, lakes and wetland and the analysis of the relevant data, the following ideas were formed. The river area has changed slightly, a little increase, the phenomenon of vicissitude of southern rivers is more than that of the northern ones, basin area is more than mountainous area, concentrating population area is more than the no man's land; the increasing trend of the lake area is obvious, mainly manifested by the phenomenon of the extension of lake area, re-affusion of dry lake, new founded man-made lake, etc; wetland area is increasing notably, the abundant precipitation is the main factor of the increasing area of lakes and wetland, melting glacier provides the wetland with water, promoting its area increase. Moreover, the construction of man-made reservoirs, the construction of law and the establishment of natural reserve of wetland all have gained some success in the wetland protection.