Study On Comparative Anatomy Of Hemerocallis L. In Ji Lin Province

7 species of Hemerocallis L.:H.middendorfii Trautv.et Mey, H.flava L., H.minor Mill., H.citrinaBaroni.,H.lilio-asphodelus L.,H.fulva(L.)L.and H.fulva.var.kwanso Regel, which were domesticated in theomamental plant specimen garden in Jilin Agriculture University were studied in this article. Theanatomical structure of the root, leaf and stalk were compared by the methods of paraffin section, the leafepidermis loading slice, and the pollen were compared through scanning electron microscope. Combinedwith the biological characteristic, the classification of Hemerocallis L.was analysised and discussed interms of morphology and anatomy. According to their roles and function, these species could be chosendifferently. The results are as follows:1.The anatomic structure of the root, leaf, stalk and the morphological surface of pollen of everyspecies are significative in classification of Hemerocallis L. But the categorised results are not totallyidentical; it proves that the evolution of different characteristics of the plant is not synchronous.(1) The velamen of root is multistratum, and the cell ektexine was thickened, some formed tuber orroot hair. The anatomic structure of the root of Hemerocallis L. reveals that H.fulva (L.)L. andH.fulva.var.kwanso were divided in a group; H.middendorfii and H.minor were divided a group; thecharacteristics of H.lilio-asphodelus are close with that of H.fulva (L.)L., H.fulva.var.kwanso and H.citrina;H.flava is also close with H.citrina.(2) The leaves of Hemerocallis L.is isobilateral type, the stoma of epidermis has no subsidiary cell,formed by the mother guard cell division, belongs to Liliaceous type. The ektexine of lower epidermis cellwas thickened obviously, some cell ektexine formed protuberance .These 7 species of Hemerocallis L. weredivided into 3 groups in terms of their anatomic structure of the leaf and the stoma of leave's lowerepidermis: H.citrina, H.fulva(L.)L. and H.fulva.var.kwanso in the first group; H.flava and H.minor in thesecond one; and H.middendorfii and H.lilio-asphodelus the third one.(3) The epidermis cell ektexine of stalk was thickened in different degrees or form protuberance, too.The vascular bundles distribute dispersedly in the parenchyma. According to the characteristics of theirstalk structure, Hemerocallis L. were divided into 2 groups: one includes H.citrina, H.fulva (L.)L. andH.fulva.var.kwanso; the other includes H.flava,H.minor, H.middendorfii and H.lilio-asphodelus.(4) The pollen of Hemerocallis L. is an ellipsoid and it has the extreme far single ditch, the exine ofthe pollen has netted sculptine. Its main characteristic indicates that H.middendorfii, H.flava and H.citrinaare close, they can be included in one group, others four species are put into the other group.2. In the view of enjoying and the botanical garden, H.middendorfii, sprouts and blooms early, the flower of H.fulva (L.)L is big, its number is a lot and its leaf is longer and wider. And the blooming andbearing period is longer. The flower of H.fulva.var.kwanso is multichlamydeous, it is big and colourful, theblooming and bearing period is the same as that H.fulva (L.)L. The plant of H.citrina is tall and big and thegrowth trend is luxuriant, the number of flowers is the most, the blooming and bearing period is the longest,it is fit for watching, too.3. The lateral root of H. middendorfii, H.fulva (L.)L and H.fulva.var.kwanso is a lot, and their rootsystems are developed. The fleshy roots of H.citrina and H.fulva (L.)L. are more. All of the velamens ofHemerocallis L. have root hair or protuberance. These characteristics are advantageous in the root ofHemerocallis L to take up water and nutrition in the arid infertile sandy soil, and enhance windproof andsand-fixation. The developed root system is advantageous to seep the precipitation and irrigation water,promot soil salt to move downward, accelerat the process of soil desalinization, play an effective impact onthe controlling salt alkaloid.4. The velamen of H.flava L and H.minor is thicker, and the stratum number is more. They maystrengthen the machinery protective function of the root and prevent in losing excessively water of thecortex.. The stomata density of leaf lower epidermis of H.minor and H.lilio-asphodelus is bigger, andtheir guard cells are smaller that can control the transpiration of water effectively. The epidermis cellektexine of stalk is thickened obviously.They can control transpiration and also strengthen epidermistenacity. All these also indicate that Hemerocallis L combats drought and bears infertile.5. The roots and the adventitious root of each kind of Hemerocallis L all have crystals that couldrelate to bearing salt alkaloid, resisting drought, cold and insect.