The Nutrient Analysis And Quality Assessment Of Characterization And Utilization Of Hemerocallis

Hemerocallis is a perennial herb and the amount of native specie is eleven in China. Notonly the flower organs can be used for ornamental, medicine and vegetable, but also its root, leaf,stem and flower can be used for vegetable and traditional medicine,which have been forthousands of years in East Asia. Based on high-performance liquid chromatography andstandards issued by the ministry of nation, the nutrients in fresh flower buds of8species and18cultivars of Hemerocallis were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. This paper appliedsubordinate function of fuzzy mathematics to evaluate nutritional quality of some varieties inHemerocallis comprehensively.Filtering out excellent varieties of the comprehensive nutritionevaluation,it can provide basic data for comprehensive utilization and base for high qualitycultivation of Hemerocallis.（1） The soluble protein in bud of Hemerocallis was determined quantitatively usingoptimized preparation system of coomassie light blue technique by predecessors. The dyecombination under595nm had maximu absorbance value when the dye volume was twomilliliters under above configuration syetem.（2） Based on national standards and optimized techniques by predecessors, crude fiber、soluble protein and total sugar of bud in Hemerocallis were determined. The total sugar’scoefficient of variation in different species/varieties and content differences were minimum; thedifference of Soluble protein was the largest. Crude fiber, soluble protein and sugar had a kindof main nutrient components of specificity, and a little difference between different species andvarieties.（3） An HPLC-CAD method was used to detect water soluble sugars in aqueous extractionof Hemerocallis buds belong to different species/variety, sucrose, glucose and fructose wasdetected in extraction;the average content of sucrose was2.728mg/g, fructose was26.865mg/gand glucose was18.029mg/g;in three kinds of soluble sugars the coefficient of variation ofglucose was minimum. Among the varieties evaluated here, H. dumortieri exhibited excellentnutrient quality with highest fructose content, reaching40.668mg/g, H. citrine exhibited qualitywith highest glucose content, reaching25.331mg/g, H.‘Happy Return’ exhibited quality withhighest sucrose content, reaching5.503mg/g. With the related content analysis of sucrose,glucose and fructose, the results showed sucrose and glucose were not relevant, there was indistinctly negative correlation between sucrose and fructose and indistinctly moderatecorrelation between glucose and fructose, the correlation coefficient is0.366, with the ratio ofglucose and fructose generally about0.5~0.6:1.（4） Afast, economic, efficient and safe extraction condition was found as follows: ultrasonictreatment with water was better than the method of bathing with80%ethanol or pure waterwhile the extraction solvent of ethanol or water surpassed acid water. Considering the extractionefficiency of single free amino acid and total content of amino acid, the method used pure wateras extraction solvent with ultrasonic30min at room temperature.（5） The main free amino acids were Glu, Leu, Ile, Asp, Ser, Thr and His,and flavorcharacteristics of Asp and Glu enhanced overall flavor umami of Hemerocallis. Based on freeamino acid content analysis, the best quality of edible varieties were H. citrine, H.minor, H.lilioasphodelus and H.‘White bud’, H.‘Stella Deoro’ and H.‘Happy Return’ were betterquality,while H.‘Foshou’ and H.‘Xinkou’ were the worst.（6） A fast and simple HPLC method was developed for simultaneous separation of solublevitamins in Hemerocallis, including solvent A,5mmol/L hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt(adjusted pH3with phosphoric acid), solvent B,100%acetonitrile at a flow rate of1.0mL/min,column temperature:35℃, detection wavelength:262nm, the injection volume was10μ L.The applied elution programs were:0~7min, linear gradient from10-15%;7~13min,maintaining15%;13~17min, linear gradient from15~10%. The content of vitamin C was themost abundant in Hemerocallis, the less vitamin B6, the least vitamin B2and vitamin B3.（7） The content of colchicine was determined by UPLC-MS, the range of variation range at0.790μ g/g~3.106μ g/g, the average content of26species/varieties was1.272μg/g.Among thevarieties evaluated here, H. middendo exhibited excellent nutrient quality with highestcolchicine content, reaching3.106μg/g, followed by the H.‘Mengzi bud’ with2.075μg/g;H.‘Little Bee’and H.‘Jinhe’ exhibited least quality, reaching0.810μg/g and0.790μg/g.（8） By calculating mean membership index value of multiple nutritional quality indicators(crude fiber, soluble protein, total sugar, total free amino acids, sucrose, glucose, fructose,vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6) in each Hemerocallis species/varieties and thenanalyzing the index value,it can evaluate some relatively good species/varieties ofcomprehensive nutrition. The species/varieties of comprehensively optimal evaluation asfollow: H. citrine, H.minor, H.‘Huangyunshang’,H.‘Chongli bud’,H.‘White bud’ and H.dumortieri,while H.‘Jinguan’、H.‘Foshou’ and H.‘Xinkou’ were the worst. During thedifference of the membership index value between good quality and bad quality in8species/varieties of excellent quality, H.‘Huangyunshang’ was maximum, reaching0.5627; Followed by H.‘Stella Deoro’、H. citrina、H.minor and H.‘Chongli bud’with0.3612,0.3308,0.2654and0.3612, respectively; while H.‘White bud’、H. dumortieri and H.‘Mengzi bud’ werethe final three with0.2284,0.2284and-0.0459, respectively.