Studies On The Species Diversity And Vertical Distribution Pattern On Northern Slopes Of Mt.Taibai

Species diversity was the basic content of biodiversity. The research of its vertical distribution pattern was one of hotspots in the study of biodiversity. We analyze the data of stands and samples from a large-scale field investigate with statistical analysis software. The species diversity and vertical distribution pattern were studied on northern slopes of Mt.Taibai.Firstly, we collected all specimens from 20 samples, identified particularly species or subspecies and gained plant directory on northern slopes of Mt.Talbai. Secondly, we analyzed the changes of family/genus, species richness with altitude change. Finally, Using two way matrix and cluster analysis, 20 samples were divided into 6 parts in according to species characteristics of stands.In adition, because arbor floor was the primary component of forest ecosystem, the component of arbor floor decided the component and structure of herbaceous floor and shrubs floor. With the change of environment, tree species had obvious distribution pattern. So, we investigated particularly the species diversity of arbor floor on northern slopes of Mt.Taibai. Based on the data of 20 samples, we studied tree species diversity,αdiversity,βdiversity and the cluster analysis of tree species. The results as follow:(1)There were 896 kinds of plant, including 605 kinds of herbaceous plants, 191 kinds of shrubs and 100 kinds of arbors. They accounted for 7.52%,21.32% and 11.16% of total species numbers in turn.(2)The vertical zonation of vegetation was obvious in the northern slop of Taibai Mountain. Species distributed from top to bottom. They were Quercus varialbilis Bl, Quercus aliena Blume var.acuteserrata, Betula albo-sinensis Burkill, Betula albo-sinensis Burkill var. septentrionalis-Abies fargesii Franch, Larix chinensis Beissn, subalpine shrub meadow in turn.(3)The species richness dropped gradually with the increase of altitude. The changes of species richness in shrub and arbor floor were obvious. It was not obvious in herbaceous floor.(4)The cluster analysis showed that 20 samples were divided into 6 parts in according to species characteristics of stands. They were N2-N3, N4-N7, N8-N10, N12-N14, N16-N17, N18-N20. (5)The species constitute was complicated on northern slopes of Mt.Taibai. Due to the intense human disturbing in the low elevation, the numbers of arbor family, genus and species increased formerly and decreased later with altitude.(6)Except the low elevation had the human interference, the speciesαdiversity of tree stratum (H') changed with the altitude, which reflected the negative association between H' and altitude (R=—0.939, P＜0.01). The change of Pielou indexes (E) and Shannon-Wiener indexes were the same. They has the negative association with altitude(R=-0.814, P＜0.01).(7)Sφrenson indexes of tree stratum presented the turning point in the alternation of different communities'types. This conformed terribly with the distribution of plant communities. Sφrenson indexes descend clearly in the strong space of species alternation.(8)The cluster analysis of samples indicated the similar plant communities were gathered together. This was the same as the types of communities.