Complete MtDNA Analysis Of The Fujian Large-Headed Frog (Limnonectes Fujianensis) And The Application To Phylogenesis Of Amphibians

This paper included two parts:Part One: ReviewsThe characteristic and research development of mitochondrial genome were generalized in this part. 16 species of anuran released on GenBank were introduced here and compared the counterpart genes among them. Results indicated the same gene order were shared among Bombina orientalis, Alytes obstetricans, Xenopus tropicalis, Xenopus laevis, Discoglossus galganoi with typical orders in vertebrates. 8 kinds of different gene orders were found in other 11 species. Each gene organization was clarified in this article and the genome map was used for clearcomparison and comprehension. Finally, extensive mechanisms were analyzed in gene rearrangement. Part Two: Researches1. Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Limnonectes fujianensis The complete mitochondrial genome of Limnonectes fujianensis (Ranidae) (17,654bp) had been sequenced in this text. There were 37 genes in L. fujianensis, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes, along with two parts of D-loop regions. Mitochondrial gene order was different from those of other amphibians. In this mitochondrial genome, tRNAGlu had been translocated to D-loop region. As a result, the D-loop was found in 2 different segments. In addition, a mutation, which putatively led to early termination of translation, was identified in its ND3 gene. Tandem duplication followed by random gene loss (TDRL) model was implemented to account for it.2. Phylogenetic Relationships of Amphibians Among Three Orders There were three orders of living amphibians and the phylogenetic...