Primary Research On Macrofungi Resource Of Alpine Meadow In Jinqianghe

Macrofungi is one of the fungi species which has complex conformation, big sporocarps, can be caught by naked eyes easily. With the development of modern technology, people pay more and more attentions to the ecnonomic value of macrofungi, especialy in recent decades, have made a great progress with the research, expliotation and utilization on edible, medicinal macrofungi.A comprehensive and systematic study on flora composing, ecological distribution, ecotype, ecological adaptation and economic value of macrofungi is carried out in the alpine meadow of Jinqianghe, Tianzhu, Gansu during June to Oct., 2003. The results are obtained as follows:1.There are abundant macrofungi in Jinqianghe region are relatively rich. 52 species, which belong to 32 genera, and 18 families, had been identified from 74 specimens, including 13 new records species for Gansu province, most of them are saprophagous Basidiomycetes. The dominant families are Tricholomataceae, Coprinaceae and Agaricaeae, while the dominant genera are Coprinus(11.5%) and Agaricus(9.6%), in which there are 21 single-species genera and 9 single-species family.2. The relativity with distribution of macrofungi and the terrain in Jinqianghe is prominent. There are three types of ecological-distribution including Hemantan, Jiedi, Yagaoshan-podi. The species, quantity and predominant species of these macrofungi vary with different altitudes. That is, the fungi species increase from the layer Hemantan, Jiedi, but decrease from layer Yagaoshan. The species and amount of the macrofungi are predominant in the layer Jiedi, in which the dominant families are Tricholomataceae, Agaricaeae.3.Habitat heterogeneity is richer, there are 5 habitat types: Liggnicolous(11.5%), Geophilous(59.6%), Coprophilous(13.5%), Enrtomophilous(1.9%), Mycorrhizal(15.4%), Geophilous and Coprophilous play a majoe role in them. 4.The macrofungi species in Jinqianghe have a better adaptation to the local climate environment. The sporocarps of the macrofungi trend towards miniaturization , their main colors are light and fairy ring occur frequently; from June to October occur many fungi, on August the species and acount are the most, of which the dominant families are Tricholomataceae, Coprinaceae and Agaricaeae, this has a close relation to temperature and precipitation of last month, and appear "lap phenomenon". The natural disturbance and human disturbance all affect the ecological environment of Jinqianghe; the former are wind erosion, drought, desert and landslip plot; the later are tourism, collection of the fire-wood, over collecting, raising live-stock, fire.5.The macrofungi have a better exploitation and utilization value, including 29 species are edible, most of them are distributed in Jiedi; 20 species, pharmaceutical, 10 of them have anti-cancer activity; and 7 species, mycorrhizal; 7 species, poisonous, there are two toxic type, gastroenteritic and neuropsychic, of which Inocybe rimosa,I. Flavobrunnea are deadly.